¿Conveniencia o necesidad? La formación de la clase obrera en las Universidades Laborales franquistas (1955-1978)

Abstract

Resumen: La política educativa franquista tuvo como uno de sus principales objetivos la formación de la clase obrera, por lo que una de las principales instituciones educativas creadas en la época fueron las Universidades Laborales. Este artículo se centra en analizar las finalidades que perseguían estas macroinstituciones al formar los futuros obreros españoles, empleando para su estudio diversas fuentes primarias -documentales, archivísticas, gráficas y jurídicas-. Las conclusiones señalan que los objetivos de las Universidades Laborales fueron, por un lado, la formación profesional especializada y, por el otro lado, su adoctrinamiento en los principios ideológicos propugnados por el régimen. Palabras clave: Historia de la educación, España, dictadura, clase obrera, universidad, formación profesional (Thesaurus). Convenience or Necessity? The Formation of the Working Class in the Universidades Laborales of Franco's Spain (1955-1978)Abstract: One of the main objectives of Franco's educational policy was the training of the working class, which is why one of the principal educational institutions created during that period were the Universidades Laborales. This article is focused on analyzing the ends sought by these macroinstitutions in preparing the future workers of Spain, and it makes use of a variety of primary sources -documentary, archival, graphic and juridical-in order to study the subject. The conclusions indicate that the objectives of the Universidades Laborales were, on the one hand, specialized professional training and, on the other hand, their indoctrination in the ideological principles advocated by the regime. Spain, dictatorship, working class, university, professional training (Thesaurus). Keywords: History of education, Conveniência ou necessidade? A formação da classe operária nas universidades trabalhistas franquistas (1955-1978)Resumo: A política educativa franquista teve como um de seus principais objetivos a formação da classe operária, razão pela qual uma das principais instituições educativas criadas na época foram as universidades trabalhistas. Este artigo se centraliza em analisar as finalidades que essas macroinstituições perseguiam ao formar os futuros operários espanhóis, empregando para seu estudo diversas fontes primárias -documentais, de arquivo, gráficas e jurídicas-. As conclusões indicam que os objetivos das universidades trabalhistas foram, por um lado, a formação profissional especializada e, por outro, seu doutrinamento nos princípios ideológicos defendidos pelo regime. Palavras-chave: classe operária, ditadura, Espanha, formação profissional, história da educação (Thesaurus); universidade (Autor).• Esta investigación no contó con financiación para su realización.

Childhood, disability and vocational training in Franco's Spain during the 1950s and early 1960s

“…A Falangist project aimed at training the working class (both the workers and their children) in the industrial and agricultural areas and, at the same time, indoctrinating them and ensuring their adherence to the regime. See Delgado-Granados and Ramírez-Macías (2017).…”

The Spanish Labor Universities and the Belgian Labor University: An Example of Education Transfer and Transformation (1955–1983)

“…It is evident that the size and layout of these buildings were made to convey emotions, to impress; chapels, halls, theatres, courtyards were spectacular, impressive. In short, huge and magnificent buildings that, in addition to housing impressive workshops, machinery and facilities (Delgado-Granados and Ramírez Macías, 2017), conveyed the feeling of grandeur, of power, where the future worker could feel small in this macro-institution (see Image 7), but at the same time each they could feel part of the "Francoist revolutionary action in favor of the Spanish, and in which the worker would be" the active subject of the entire social revolution " (Delgado-Granados and Ramírez Macías, 2017, p. 128 ). Currently, most of these buildings have been restored and host educational or cultural institutions (image 8).…”