Conventional and fast pyrolysis of automobile shredder residues (ASR)

Zolezzi, Marcello; Nicolella, Cristiano; Ferrara, Sebastiano; Iacobucci, Cesare; Rovatti, Mauro

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2003.12.005

Cited by 91 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Approximately, 40-50% of ASR is hydrocarbon-based: plastics, rubber, fibres, wood, paper, tar and oil. Thermal treatment of ASR reported either by pyrolysis (conversion to liquid), gasification (conversion to gaseous) or combustion (with heat recovery) technologies (Hubble et al, 1987;Zolezzi et al, 2004;Viganò et al, 2010;Cossu et al, 2014;Rey et al, 2016) will reduce the amount of material that requires final disposal. The ASR's noncombustible fraction which is made up of glass, dirt, rock, sand, moisture and residual metals can further separated and recycled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges around automotive shredder residue production and disposal

Khodier

Williams

Dallison³

2018

Waste Management

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a b s t r a c tThe challenge for the automotive industry is how to ensure they adopt the circular economy when it comes to the disposal of end-of-life vehicles (ELV). According to the European Commission the UK achieved a total reuse and recovery rate of 88%. This is short of the revised ELV directive target of 95% materials recovery, which requires a minimum of 85% of materials to be recycled or reused. A significant component of the recycling process is the production of automotive shredder residue (ASR). This is currently landfilled across Europe. The additional 10% could be met by processing ASR through either waste-to-energy facilities or Post shredder technology (PST) to recover materials. The UK auto and recycling sectors claimed there would need to be a massive investment by their members in both new capacity and new technology for PST to recover additional recycle materials. It has been shown that 50% of the ASR contains valuable recoverable materials which could be used to meet the Directive target. It is expected in the next 5 years that technological innovation in car design will change the composition from easily recoverable metal to difficult polymers. This change in composition will impact on the current drive to integrate the European Circular Economy Package. A positive factor is that main driver for using ASR is coming from the metals recycling industry itself. They are looking to develop the infrastructure for energy generation from ASR and subsequent material recovery. This is driven by the economics of the process rather than meeting the Directive targets. The study undertaken has identified potential pathways and barriers for commercial thermal treatment of ASR. The results of ASR characterisation were used to assess commercial plants from around the world. Whilst there were many claiming that processing of ASR was possible none have so far shown both the technological capability and economic justification.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges around automotive shredder residue production and disposal

Khodier

Williams

Dallison³

2018

Waste Management

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“…Roy and Chaala [10] applied the same process using high temperature and reported high heating values for the pyrolytic gases. Similarly, Zolezzi et al [11] used fast pyrolysis method and obtained high yield of oil with high heating values.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal catalytic conversion of the used isobutyl isoprene rubber into valuable hydrocarbons

Jan

Jabeen

Shah

et al. 2009

J Therm Anal Calorim

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An environment friendly method, thermal catalytic pyrolysis of used isobutyl isoprene rubber was investigated. In this method, the used inner butyl tube rubbers were catalytically pyrolyzed into valuable hydrocarbons and carbon black. In this method, the tube rubber was pyrolyzed both thermally (with out catalyst) and catalytically in a batch reactor under atmospheric pressure. The effect of temperature, the amount of catalyst, and the reaction time on the yields of the pyrolyzed products were investigated. Char yield decreased with increase of pyrolysis temperature while total gas and liquid yields increased. The liquid fraction was obtained with boiling point up to 478 K. At optimum conditions, the liquid product was collected and analyzed for different fuel properties. Typical analysis of the used isobutyl isoprene rubber oil for both the cases of parent and refluxed oil has been performed. Phenols and carbonyls were quantitatively determined by spectrophotometric methods using folin-denis and phenyl hydrazine reagents, respectively. The distillation data showed that *100% of oil has boiling point \473 K which is the boiling point for 80% of distilled product in commercial kerosene. Its specific gravity, viscosity, freezing point, Cetane number, and diesel index were also within the limits of kerosene.

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“…When ELVs are processed they are shredded into fist-sized pieces, and around 75% of the material is recovered as metal for the steel industry [1][2][3][4]. The remaining materials include foam, textiles, carpet, rubber, plastics, paint, wood and glass [3,[5][6][7] and are known collectively as automotive shredder residue (ASR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The remaining materials include foam, textiles, carpet, rubber, plastics, paint, wood and glass [3,[5][6][7] and are known collectively as automotive shredder residue (ASR). Commonly, shredder facilities process both ELVs and other feedstock (e.g white goods, light iron) together and the resultant waste stream is terms shredder residue (SR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies and processes have been published which report on potential pyrolysis of ASR, usually with a focus on producing useful gases or liquids such as diesels or oils [2,3,5,6,10,11]. Fewer have focused on the production of a char or ash suitable for use as a raw material [5,11,12] -though some have looked at ways of using it as a replacement fuel for fossil fuels [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterisation of rotary kiln residues from the pyrolysis of shredder residues: Issues with lead

Forton

McGrady

Singh

et al. 2007

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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Stringent legislation has begun to be implemented across Europe relating to heavy metal contamination into the environment. This study thus focuses on developing a method for reliably determining the lead content of automotive shredder residue (ASR). The material is first pyrolysed to remove organic fractions. Different analytical methods were then used to investigate the concentrations of heavy metals in the burned char, which varies from chunks of metals in larger sized fractions to fine powders of mostly non-metals. By considering results from ICP-MS, EDXRF, WDXRF and a portable WDXRF, it was found that varying values were obtained but that consistent 'consensus values' could be determined. Such 'consensus' values of lead, copper, iron and zinc are thus reported, and show that properly depolluted ELVs have significantly lower lead levels than normal SR feed -8000ppm versus 16000ppm. The finest fraction, <850 microns, makes up around half of the mass of the SR and has only 2700ppm and 5400ppm lead concentration values for depolluted ELVs and normal SR respectively, making it of interest for further work to develop uses as a feed in other industries.

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Conventional and fast pyrolysis of automobile shredder residues (ASR)

Cited by 91 publications

References 19 publications

Challenges around automotive shredder residue production and disposal

Challenges around automotive shredder residue production and disposal

Thermal catalytic conversion of the used isobutyl isoprene rubber into valuable hydrocarbons

Characterisation of rotary kiln residues from the pyrolysis of shredder residues: Issues with lead

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