Conventional and Tailored Mn-Bearing Alloying Agents for the Production of High Manganese Steels

Hils, Gereon; Newirkowez, Aleksandra; Kroker, Michael; Grethe, Ulrich; Schmidt-Jürgensen, R.; Kroos, J.; Spitzer, Karl‐Heinz

doi:10.1002/srin.201400153

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The countervailing advantage, however, is that the Mn that remains after oxides are formed is available during the second stage to reduce the consumption of costlier low-carbon FeMn. Previous studies have analyzed the manganese balance between slag and steel in the pre-alloying process from both thermodynamics and dynamics [11,12,13]. The yielding rate of FeMn and its influencing factors has also been investigated [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Modification of Alloying Method on Inclusion Evolution in RH Refining of Silicon Steel

Zheng

et al. 2017

Materials

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This study explores the effect of introducing additional alloy elements not only in a different order but also at different stages of the Ruhrstahl-Heraeus (RH) process of low-carbon silicon steel production. A more economical method, described as “pre-alloying”, has been introduced. The evolution of MnO-FeO inclusions produced by pre-alloying was investigated. Results show that spherical 3FeO·MnO inclusions form first, then shelled FeO·zMnO (z = 0.7–4) inclusions nucleate on the surface of pre-existing 3FeO·MnO. Spherical FeO·zMnO (z = 3–5) is further evolved from shelled 3FeO·MnO by diffusion. Because these MnO-FeO inclusions float up into the slag before degassing, the pre-alloying process does not affect the quality of the melt in the end. Both carbon content and inclusion size conform to industry standards.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Modification of Alloying Method on Inclusion Evolution in RH Refining of Silicon Steel

Zheng

et al. 2017

Materials

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“…Therefore, it is necessary to provide cheap and high-purity manganese or ferromanganese for the development of TWIP steel. The investigation of producing low-cost and pure ferromanganese has been carried out by Norwegian University of Science and Technology [4] and the TU Clausthal in Germany and Siemens VAI Technology Co., Ltd. [5], which is still at the laboratory scale. High-carbon ferromanganese is a type of attractive candidate for preparing low-cost and pure ferromanganese.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrorefining of High Carbon Ferromanganese in Molten Salts to Produce Pure Ferromanganese

Xiao¹,

Liu²,

Gao³

et al. 2017

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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High carbon ferromanganese is used as a starting material to prepare pure ferromanganese by electrorefining in molten salts. High carbon ferromanganese was applied as the anode, molybdenum was the cathode and Ag/AgCl was the reference electrode. The anodic dissolution was investigated by linear polarization in molten NaCl-KCl system. Then potentiostatic electrolysis was carried out to produce pure ferromanganese from high carbon ferromanganese. The cathodic product was determined to be a mixture of manganese and iron by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The content of carbon in the product was analyzed by carbon and sulfur analyzer. The post-electrolysis anode was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The mechanism of the anode dissolution and the distribution of the main impurity of carbon and silicon after electrolysis were discussed.

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“…-% and without silicon refer to TRIPLEX high manganese steel alloys. These alloys combine high strength at even large ductility [1][2][3][4]. At the Department of Ferrous Metallurgy (IEHK) of the RWTH Aachen University in Germany, steels in the system Fe-Mn-C(-Al) is under investigation at the collaborative research center, SFB 761 "Steel-ab initio".…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial Reactions between Slag and Melt in the New World of High Manganese Steels

et al. 2014

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At Department of Ferrous Metallurgy of the RWTH Aachen University in Germany steels in the system Fe-Mn-C(-Al) are investigated and produced in the framework of the SFB 761 "steel-ab initio". A new world of steel grades leads to special challenges regarding the production and recycling at the end-of-life cycle of product. In order to recycle high manganese steel alloys the EAF has to be chosen preferentially. A good slag practice is necessary avoiding loss of manganese content during melting in the EAF. This paper investigates on the reaction kinetics at the interface of slag and steel containing Mn (17-22 wt.-%) and up to 3 wt.-% Al. The effect of changes in the composition of slag and steel on the interfacial reaction kinetics is studied. The thermodynamic software FactSage TM is utilized to calculate the composition of slag and steel at equilibrium.

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Conventional and Tailored Mn-Bearing Alloying Agents for the Production of High Manganese Steels

Cited by 14 publications

References 7 publications

Impacts of Modification of Alloying Method on Inclusion Evolution in RH Refining of Silicon Steel

Impacts of Modification of Alloying Method on Inclusion Evolution in RH Refining of Silicon Steel

Electrorefining of High Carbon Ferromanganese in Molten Salts to Produce Pure Ferromanganese

Interfacial Reactions between Slag and Melt in the New World of High Manganese Steels

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