Conventional synthesis methods of short-chain dialkylcarbonates and novel production technology via direct route from alcohol and waste CO2

Leino, Ewelina; Mäki‐Arvela, Päivi; Eta, Valerie; Murzin, Dmitry Yu.; Salmi, Tapio; Mikkola, Jyri Pekka

doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2010.05.046

Cited by 90 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The conversion of CO 2 into value added chemicals has been widely investigated in an attempt to reduce the atmospheric levels of CO 2 . Recently, CO 2 has attracted great interests as an environmentally benign building block in the chemical industry due to its non-toxic, non-flammable and recyclable properties [1][2][3][4]. However, CO 2 is a very stable compound as the carbon atom is in the most oxidized form and thermodynamically stable [5] and therefore large energy input is required to transform CO 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greener synthesis of dimethyl carbonate using a novel ceria–zirconia oxide/graphene nanocomposite catalyst

Saada

Kellici

Heil³

et al. 2015

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

130

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greener synthesis of dimethyl carbonate using a novel ceria–zirconia oxide/graphene nanocomposite catalyst

Saada

Kellici

Heil³

et al. 2015

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

130

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“…The asymmetric carbonic ester EMC has been found to be a suitable co-solvent for incorporation into nonaqueous electrolytes to enhance the lowtemperature performance of rechargeable alkali metal-ion batteries (Marshall et al, 2011;Okuno et al, 1996;Plichta and Behl, 2000;Takeuchi et al, 2010). DEC represents an attractive alternative for phosgene as an ethylization and carbonylation reagent in organic synthesis (Leino et al, 2010). Additionally, DEC can be used as a raw material for the manufacture of polycarbonates (Bolon and Hallgren, 1984).…”

Section: Reaction Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive Distillation for Multiple-Reaction Systems: Optimisation Study Using an Evolutionary Algorithm

Keller¹,

Dreisewerd²,

Górak³

2013

Chemical and Process Engineering

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Reactive distillation (RD) has already demonstrated its potential to significantly increase reactant conversion and the purity of the target product. Our work focuses on the application of RD to reaction systems that feature more than one main reaction. In such multiple-reaction systems, the application of RD would enhance not only the reactant conversion but also the selectivity of the target product. The potential of RD to improve the product selectivity of multiple-reaction systems has not yet been fully exploited because of a shortage of available comprehensive experimental and theoretical studies. In the present article, we want to theoretically identify the full potential of RD technology in multiple-reaction systems by performing a detailed optimisation study. An evolutionary algorithm was applied and the obtained results were compared with those of a conventional stirred tank reactor to quantify the potential of RD to improve the target product selectivity of multiple-reaction systems. The consecutive transesterification of dimethyl carbonate with ethanol to form ethyl methyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate was used as a case study.

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“…This is an alternative process to the standard method for preparing organic carbonates, which involves the treatment of alcohols with phosgene, highly toxic reactant [11]. The most common free-phosgene methods are the oxidative carbonylation, transesterification and the direct synthesis from carbon dioxide [12,13]. Notwithstanding, the DMC synthesis via alcoholysis of the urea is a route much more attractive, due to availability of reactants and less harsh reaction conditions [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tin-Catalyzed Urea Alcoholysis With β-Citronellol: A Simple and Selective Synthesis of Carbamates

Chaves

Silva

2016

Catal Lett

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Tin(II) chloride is a stable and water tolerant Lewis acid, commercially available and less corrosive than Brønsted acid catalysts. Our proposal was demonstrated that SnCl 2 was an efficient catalyst on the urea alcoholysis with b-citronellol. We investigated the effects of main reaction parameters such as concentration and tin(II) catalyst nature, reagents stoichiometry and reaction temperature. In homogenous conditions with DMSO as solvent, the SnCl 2 -catalyzed urea alcoholysis reactions under air flux achieved high conversion and selectivity for b-citronellyl carbamate (ca. 90 and 95 %, respectively). Among tin(II) catalysts assessed, SnCl 2 was more active due to its total solubility. Possible intermediates of active Sn(II) species were discussed based on the results of catalytic runs and FT-IR spectroscopy measurements of the liquid phase after the reaction. FT-IR spectroscopy data showed that the active species could be a complex of a Sn(II) atom coordinated with N=C=O. This novel and phosgene-free selective process provide an inexpensive and attractive route to synthesize terpenic carbamates through inexpensive and renewable reactant (i.e. urea). Moreover, SnCl 2 was also an efficient catalyst on synthesis of b-citronellyl carbonate. Graphical AbstractOH -citronellol H 2 N NH 2 O Urea + SnCl 2 DMSO Air flow O NH 2 O -citronellyl Carbamate NH 3 + Ammonia β 0 3 0 6 0 9 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 (%) Time (min) β -Citronellol Conversion Selectivity β-Citronellyl Carbamate β

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Conventional synthesis methods of short-chain dialkylcarbonates and novel production technology via direct route from alcohol and waste CO2

Cited by 90 publications

References 60 publications

Greener synthesis of dimethyl carbonate using a novel ceria–zirconia oxide/graphene nanocomposite catalyst

Greener synthesis of dimethyl carbonate using a novel ceria–zirconia oxide/graphene nanocomposite catalyst

Reactive Distillation for Multiple-Reaction Systems: Optimisation Study Using an Evolutionary Algorithm

Tin-Catalyzed Urea Alcoholysis With β-Citronellol: A Simple and Selective Synthesis of Carbamates

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