Conversion of DDT to DDD by Proteus vulgaris, a Bacterium isolated from the Intestinal Flora of a Mouse

Barker, Philip S.; Morrison, F. O.; Whitaker, R. S.

doi:10.1038/205621b0

Cited by 72 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…2). Early investigations on the fate of DDT in rodents demonstrated that the indigenous microflora of animals were responsible for the conversion of DDT to DDD (Barker et al 1965;Mendel & Walton 1966). Since then a number of microbes have been shown to be capable of converting DDT to DDD in pure culture.…”

Section: Reductive Dechlorinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial degradation of DDT and its residues—A review

Aislabie

Richards

Boul

1997

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

247

140

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Microbial degradation of DDT residues is one mechanism for loss of DDT from soil. In this review pathways for biodegradation of DDT, DDD, and DDE by bacteria and fungi are described. Biodegradation of DDT residues can proceed in soil, albeit at a slow rate. To enhance degradation in situ a number of strategies are proposed. They include the addition of DDT-metabolising microbes to contaminated soils and/or the manipulation of environmental conditions to enhance the activity of these microbes. Ligninolytic fungi and chlorobiphenyl degrading bacteria are promising candidates for remediation. Flooding of soil and the addition of organic matter can enhance DDT degradation. As biodegradation may be inhibited by lack of access of the microbe to the contaminant, the soil may need to be pre-treated with a surfactant. Unlike DDT, little is known about the biodegradation of DDE, and this knowledge is crucial as DDE can be the predominant residue in some soils.

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Section: Reductive Dechlorinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial degradation of DDT and its residues—A review

Aislabie

Richards

Boul

1997

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

247

140

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“…Further detailed study at the ultrastructural level in D. bioculata and A. carteri revealed that y-BHC treatment enlarged the cells, decreased the number of microtubules, and enlarged the Golgi apparatus (100). -y-BHC (10 ppm) treatment in Acetabularia altered the structure of plastids markedly (20). In the basal part of the plastids the lamellae were extended with one or several carbohydrate grains, whereas in the apical part small chloroplasts with numerous thalakoids and with small polysaccharide granules were observed.…”

Section: Cytological and Biochemical Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation, metabolism, and effects of organochlorine insecticides on microorganisms.

Lal¹,

Saxena²

1982

Microbiological Reviews

150

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“…Studies in this laboratory have indicated that the microorganisms of the animal gastrointestinal tract are capable of dechlorinating DDT [1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane] ( Mendel and Walton, 1966). Other investigators have shown the reductive dechlorination of DDT by baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerecisiae) (Kallman and Andrews, 1963); Proteus vulgaris (Barker et al, 1965); Escherichia coli (Mendel and Walton, 1966;Wedemeyer, 1966Wedemeyer, , 1967; Serratia marcescens (Stevensen, 1965); Actinomycetes (Chacko et al, 1966); Aerohacter aerogenes (Mendel and Walton, 1966; Wedemeyer, 1966Wedemeyer, , 1967; Klebsiella pneumoniae (Wedemeyer, 1966); and by mixed microflora of the rumen and of lake water (Miskus et al, 1965). The normal microflora of the gastrointestinal tract must be considered a major agent for the formation of p,p'-DDD [l,l-dichloro-2,2bis (p-chlorophenyl)ethane] in rats fed p,p'-DDT.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of DDT and the gastrointestinal microflora of the rat.

Braunberg¹,

Beck²

1968

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Osborne-Mendel rats were maintained on diets containing 100 p.p.m. of p,p'-DDT. The microflora of the gastrointestinal tract were not significantly altered by this diet. Pure cultures of bacteria, typically found in the gastrointestinal tract, were grown in the presence of DDT. Most of the genera studied degraded the pesticide to DDD; the ex-ception was the Gram-positive cocci. The negative findings for those organisms may be due to intracellular binding of DDT and its metabolites. These data provide evidence that DDD in the feces of rats fed DDT may largely be the product of microbial rather than mammalian metabolism.

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Conversion of DDT to DDD by Proteus vulgaris, a Bacterium isolated from the Intestinal Flora of a Mouse

Cited by 72 publications

References 6 publications

Microbial degradation of DDT and its residues—A review

Microbial degradation of DDT and its residues—A review

Accumulation, metabolism, and effects of organochlorine insecticides on microorganisms.

Interaction of DDT and the gastrointestinal microflora of the rat.

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