Conversion of pyrolysis vapors derived from non-biodegradable waste plastics (PET) into valuable fuels using nickel-impregnated HZSM5-70 catalysts

Nasution, Fahrizal; Husin, Husni; Mahidin, Mahidin; Abnisa, Faisal; Yani, Firda Tirta; Maulinda, Leni; Ahmadi, Ahmadi

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2022.116440

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 74 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…in oyster-shell-derived catalysts (Table ). Among the three catalysts, AOSC exhibited the lowest crystallinity, as evidenced by the relatively weak peak intensities. , The average crystal size ( D c ) was evaluated using the Scherrer formula. , As listed in Table , the D c of AOSC was 45.17 nm, which was smaller than those of CC (75.60 nm) and OSC (64.99 nm). This implied that the hydration and dehydration steps during the CaO preparation process were positive for synthesizing CaO with a small crystal size …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, benzene and biphenyl are important industrial chemicals derived from fossil fuels and widely used in various fields, such as pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and dyes . The prices of benzene and biphenyl are about 1200 USD/ton and 2100 USD/ton, respectively. , Their global annual demands are up to 51.5 million tons and 0.78 million tons, respectively. , The commonly used catalysts include metal oxides (CaO, Fe 2 O 3 , and TiO 2 ), , molecular sieves (HY, Hβ, and HZSM-5), activated carbon (Pd/C and MoO 2 /C), , concrete, and so on. Among these catalysts, CaO has demonstrated exceptional catalytic performance in the production of aromatic hydrocarbons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Coupling of Steam and CaO Derived from Oyster Shells in the Pyrolysis of Waste Poly(ethylene terephthalate) for the Selective Production of Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Feng,

Luo,

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In light of escalating environmental concerns, the development of innovative and effective recycling techniques for poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) waste is crucial for sustainable waste management. In this study, an active CaO was prepared from oyster shells (AOSC) and utilized in the selective conversion of PET into aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene and biphenyl) by coupling steam-assisted prepyrolysis and CaO-catalyzed pyrolysis. The physicochemical properties of AOSC and commercial CaO were characterized. The influences of the catalyst preparation methods, catalytic pyrolysis temperatures (550–750 °C), and AOSC/PET ratios (2–10) on the formation of benzene and biphenyl were systematically investigated using a lab-scale pyrolysis apparatus. The results unveiled that AOSC possessed high specific surface area, large pore volume, and abundant basic sites, which were 2.78, 8.7, and 1.62 times higher than those of commercial CaO, respectively. At the steam-assisted prepyrolysis temperature of 300 °C, catalytic pyrolysis temperature of 650 °C, and AOSC/PET ratio of 6, the yields of benzene and biphenyl could reach 27.34 and 2.97 wt %, significantly higher than those obtained from noncatalytic PET pyrolysis (5.67 and 1.22 wt %). In addition, the spent catalysts were also characterized, demonstrating that AOSC exhibited good anticoke performance with a lower coke amount of 10.37 mg/g compared to that of commercial CaO (20.24 mg/g) after pyrolysis. This study not only lays the foundation for sustainable management of waste PET but also demonstrates the potential of utilizing waste seashells to produce valuable resources, thereby promoting a circular economy and mitigating environmental pollution.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling of Steam and CaO Derived from Oyster Shells in the Pyrolysis of Waste Poly(ethylene terephthalate) for the Selective Production of Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Feng,

Luo,

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It was noted that the calculated Di value increased when raising the heating rate, which accelerated the volatilization process and inhibited the condensation reaction combined with a greater release of volatiles in the form of an endothermic process via an exothermic process for solid residue formulation [ 37 ]. Similarly, the calculated THRI values were increased once heating conditions increased from 201 to 2016 °C due to the higher heating flux and decreasing PET crystallinity [ 50 , 51 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As shown, PET fibers had a lower thermal stability compared to virgin PET due to its lower crystallinity and their bigger free space, which allowed the generated heat flux to penetrate this free space and break the Van der Waals bonds of the internal molecules of PET chains combined with several consecutive reactions (random chain scission, side group, and recombination), thus developing smaller molecules rich in gaseous hydrocarbon compounds [ 51 , 52 ]. This structure also led to changes in their chain size and this helped in the digestibility process and converting PET molecules into hydrocarbon and benzoic acid compound [ 48 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis Kinetic Behavior and Thermodynamic Analysis of PET Nonwoven Fabric

Yousef,

Eimontas,

Striūgas

et al. 2023

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This research aims to maximize polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nonwoven fabric waste and make it as a new source for benzoic acid extraction using a pyrolysis process. The treatment was performed using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and released products were characterized using FTIR spectroscopy and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The pyrolysis kinetic and thermodynamic behavior of PET fabric was also studied and simulated using different linear and nonlinear models. The results show that the PET fabric is very rich in volatile matter (80 wt.%) and can completely degrade under 490 °C with a weight loss of 84%. Meanwhile, the generated vapor was rich in the carbonylic C=O functional group (FTIR), and the GC–MS analysis concluded that benzoic acid was the major compound with an abundance of 75% that was achieved at the lowest heating rate (5 °C/min). The linear kinetic results showed that PET samples had an activation energy in the ranges of 193–256 kJ/mol (linear models) and ~161 kJ/mol (nonlinear models). The thermodynamic parameters, including enthalpy, Gibbs free energy, and entropy, were estimated in the ranges of 149–250 kJ/mol, 153–232 kJ/mol, and 256–356 J/mol K, respectively. Accordingly, pyrolysis treatment can be used to extract benzoic acid from PET fabric waste with a 134% increase in the benzoic acid abundance that can be recovered from PET bottle plastic waste.

show abstract

“…The Ni content promotes the high dispersibility of the Ru-Ni alloy, the Ru sites contribute to the dissociative hydrogen activation and hydrogenation of the aromatic ring, and the BAS on the zeolite surface facilitates the dissociation of the C−O bond, resulting in a mono-catalytic system for the selective conversion of PC wastes into bicyclic hydrocarbons (P7) [Figure 5C and D]. Ni/ZSM-5 catalysts without added Ru metal have also been investigated for the HDO reaction of PC plastic waste [72] . The bifunctional Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst allowed the direct conversion of PC plastic waste to C 15 bicyclic alkanes in high yield (99.3%) with a selectivity of 81.2% under mild reaction conditions (190 °C, 4 MPa H 2 ).…”

Section: Polyester Plastic Upcyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress of waste plastic upcycling based on multifunctional zeolite catalysts

Wang,

Xu,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Chem Synth

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The chemical upcycling method is a promising strategy to alleviate the pollution problem of waste plastics by tapping into their intrinsic value and converting them into high value-added products. Zeolite-based catalysts are one of the surprising and efficient classes of thermocatalytic materials that have recently attracted considerable attention for waste plastic upcycling. They are designed for targeted applications with a wide range of adjustable acidic sites, multiple pore structures, and synergistic interactions with surface metals. In this review, we categorize plastics being converted into different high-value products and introduce the role of zeolite-based catalysts in the thermal upcycling of plastics. The structure-performance relationships of zeolite-based catalysts in catalytic reactions are discussed in depth. Finally, the future development of these multifunctional catalysts applied to the upcycling of plastics is outlined.

show abstract

Conversion of pyrolysis vapors derived from non-biodegradable waste plastics (PET) into valuable fuels using nickel-impregnated HZSM5-70 catalysts

Cited by 22 publications

References 74 publications

Coupling of Steam and CaO Derived from Oyster Shells in the Pyrolysis of Waste Poly(ethylene terephthalate) for the Selective Production of Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Coupling of Steam and CaO Derived from Oyster Shells in the Pyrolysis of Waste Poly(ethylene terephthalate) for the Selective Production of Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Pyrolysis Kinetic Behavior and Thermodynamic Analysis of PET Nonwoven Fabric

Recent progress of waste plastic upcycling based on multifunctional zeolite catalysts

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About