Conversion of sewage sludge to clean solid fuel using hydrothermal carbonization: Hydrochar fuel characteristics and combustion behavior

He, Chao; Giannis, Apostolos; Wang, Jing‐Yuan

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.04.084

Cited by 807 publications

(387 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

346

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In the case of sewage sludge, the hydrothermal carbonization process was not so widely investigated, but studies were largely focused on the properties of solid product, energy recovery rate, hydrochar yields and its combustion characteristic, and improved dewaterability of sludge. The effects of hydrothermal carbonization were evaluated by varying the temperature and time [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. In fact, regarding Polish conditions, there are no published results concerning the HTC of sewage sludge so far, that is why this technology can be named a novel pre-treatment method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel method of sewage sludge pre-treatment - HTC

Wilk

2016

E3S Web Conf.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The aim of the paper is to present a relatively new technology -hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of municipal sewage sludge. The HTC process was conducted in a stainless steel, Zipperclave Stirred Reactor, with a volume of 1000 ml, equipped with a MagneDrive Agitator. The control panel provides a programme which regulates the heater temperature and mixer speed. The main parameters of the process were temperature (~200C), pressure (~1.5 MPa) and residence time (4, 7, 10, and 12 h). In order to understand the process, the physical, chemical, thermal, and structural characteristics of the solid product, hydrochar, was investigated. Therefore, the ultimate and proximate analyses, and HHV for raw material and obtained hydrochar are presented. The majority of carbon, of the initial present carbon, remained within hydrochar. TA analysis was used to detect the initial and final temperature for the combustion of raw material and hydrochar. This technique is very useful for predicting the combustion characteristics of carbonaceous material. When considering the use of hydrochar as a solid fuel, more energy can be derived from hydrochar than from e.g. incineration of waste, and its carbon emission should be less significant. Therefore, HTC can be an environmentally beneficial technique for the combustion process.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel method of sewage sludge pre-treatment - HTC

Wilk

2016

E3S Web Conf.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This reaction mechanism involved the removal of the carboxyl and/or carbonyl groups [4], [16]. The degradation of carboxyl and carbonyl groups yielded CO 2 (as a major gaseous product during HTT) and CO and this could be observed by HTT above 150 °C [17], [18].…”

Section: B Important Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Longer holding time might increase the yield of biochar during the HTC [4], [12]. However, for the HTL, short residence time is preferred for bio-oil production.…”

Section: Process Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, the temperature and pressure condition of HTT process is tested around 160-240 °C with its corresponding pressure that keeps the water in the liquid state and the residence time is approximately 15-90 min [1]- [3]. The HTC extends the upper temperature limit to 350 °C but generally performed in-between 180 and 220 °C and it usually has significantly longer residence time (4-12 h) compared to HTT [4]- [6]. The HTL utilizes high temperature and pressure (280-370 °C at 10-25 MPa) with moderate residence time [7]- [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Review on Pilot-Scale Applications of Hydrothermal Treatment for Upgrading Waste Materials

Areeprasert¹,

Ma²,

Prayoga³

et al. 2016

IJESD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-In this paper, a review on applications of hydrothermal treatment (HTT) for upgrading waste materials was presented. This work was focused on pilot-scale HTT processes that applied to several kinds of waste for alternative solid biofuel production. The HTT utilizes subcritical water condition that has special properties as an organic solvent. With the temperature around 180-240 °C and the corresponding pressure that keeps the water in the liquid phase, many reactions are induced by the subcritical water such as hydrolysis and dehydration. The waste materials that had been subjected to the HTT processes by pilot-scale reactors such as paper sludge, antibiotic residue, and municipal solid waste were reviewed herein. Moreover, a novel application of HTT on hospital waste treatment has been carried out in a pilot-scale level. Results showed positive effects and consistency with the previous research works. Thus, the HTT showed possibility to be an option for pretreating waste materials prior to final conversion processes.Index Terms-Hydrothermal treatment, high moisture waste, pilot-scale hydrothermal, solid biofuel.

show abstract

“…3, the FT-IR spectra show organic functional groups of swine manure and liquefaction derived solid residues. Spectral peaks were interpreted based on previous reports (He et al, 2013;Li and Shahbazi, 2015;Schnitzer et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2014). The intensity of -OH groups (a broad band between 3600 and 3000 cm −1 ) of solid residues was much lower than their corresponding swine manure's and the -OH peak intensity of solid residues decreased as liquefaction temperature increased.…”

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Solid Residues Obtained from Supercritical Ethanol Liquefaction of Swine Manure

Li¹,

Zhang²,

Xiu³

et al. 2015

American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Animal wastes are considered as renewable energy resources, which contain a great energy potential. For this study, swine manure was treated with supercritical ethanol within the reaction temperature range of 240-360°C to produce bio-oil, resulting in a significant amount of solid residues. Solid residues were characterized by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM), surface area, elemental and thermogravimetric (TG) analyses. Solid residues were mainly composed of carbon (26-29 wt%) and ash (35-45 wt%) and exhibited low surface areas (11-17 m 2 /g). The analyses indicated an incomplete conversion of lignocellulosic components and thermal chemical reactions including hydrolysis, dehydration, decarboxylation, aromatization and condensation. Supercritical ethanol liquefaction is considered as a feasible way to remove oxygen and utilize carbon and hydrogen in swine manure to produce carbonaceous materials and energy condensed bio-fuels.

show abstract

Conversion of sewage sludge to clean solid fuel using hydrothermal carbonization: Hydrochar fuel characteristics and combustion behavior

Cited by 807 publications

References 49 publications

A novel method of sewage sludge pre-treatment - HTC

A novel method of sewage sludge pre-treatment - HTC

A Review on Pilot-Scale Applications of Hydrothermal Treatment for Upgrading Waste Materials

Characterization of Solid Residues Obtained from Supercritical Ethanol Liquefaction of Swine Manure

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About