Convolutionally Coded Hopping Pattern for MFSK Modulation in Underwater Acoustic Communication

Wolff, Lars Michael; Badri-Hoeher, Sabah

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2924114

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…For an FHSS system, a uniformly distributed frequencyhopping pattern and a larger hopping rate yield better antiinterception and anti-narrowband interference performance [18]; thus, we only discuss FH-BOC signals with a uniform subcarrier and a hopping rate equal to the spreading code chip rate. The zero-crossing nearest the ACF main peak (ZCNM) for an FH-AltBOC signal can be expressed as (19) and the ACF main peak width is twice the time delay τ ZCNM .…”

Section: Acf and Psdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The basic mechanism of interference suppression in an FHSS system is avoidance: it avoids interference via periodic changing of the carrier frequency of a transmitted signal. The FHSS technique has been widely used in mobile, radar, and military communication systems due to its many advantages, such as the low probability of interception and its resistance to narrowband and multipath interferences [16]- [19]. The generalized FH-AltBOC modulation can be obtained by replacing the subcarrier of AltBOC modulation with frequency-hopping subcarrier, thus, it has the advantages of both the DSSS and FHSS techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Generalized Anti-Interference Low-Ambiguity Dual-Frequency Multiplexing Modulation Based on the Frequency-Hopping Technique

Yang

2020

IEEE Access

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To improve the anti-interference performance and mitigate the autocorrelation function (ACF) ambiguity of dual-frequency multiplexing modulation, we propose a new type of modulation: frequencyhopping alternated binary offset carrier (FH-AltBOC) modulation based on the frequency-hopping technique. The new modulation is generalized and includes AltBOC modulation, so it inherits the advantages of AltBOC modulation while also exhibiting new properties, such as low ambiguity, low probability of intercept, and better anti-narrowband interference and multipath performance. We first establish the mathematical model, derive the autocorrelation function (ACF) and the power spectrum density (PSD) for the FH-AltBOC modulation. Next, we propose optimal parameters and present a generation and detection scheme. The acquisition time and acquisition complexity of the receiving process for the proposed FH-AltBOC signal are the same as those of the AltBOC signal with the same main-lobe bandwidth (MLB). Finally, we evaluate the performance of several representative FH-AltBOC and AltBOC signals. The results show that FH-AltBOC(24:1:1,1) has the lowest ACF ambiguity, the best anti-interception, anti-narrowband interference, and multipath performance among the considered signals. FH-AltBOC(24:1:6,1) realizes higher tracking accuracy, lower ACF ambiguity, and better anti-narrowband interference and multipath performance than AltBOC(15,10). FH-AltBOC can serve as a new signal design paradigm for global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) and GNSS-like systems. INDEX TERMS Anti-interference, low-ambiguity, frequency-hopping alternated binary offset carrier (FH-AltBOC), satellite navigation.

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Section: Acf and Psdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Generalized Anti-Interference Low-Ambiguity Dual-Frequency Multiplexing Modulation Based on the Frequency-Hopping Technique

Yang

2020

IEEE Access

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“…Methods for spectrum VOLUME 4, 2016 estimation and spectrum sensing in wireless communication systems were reported in [4], [5]. Furthermore, a method for decoding data transmission using SDFT was presented in [6]. In mechanical systems, the SDFT can be efficiently applied for tuning vibration neutralizers [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FPGA Realization of the Observer-Based Sliding Discrete Fourier Transform

2022

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Discrete Fourier transform (DFT) is a widely used method of signal analysis in digital signal processing. The DFT converts a signal from time domain to frequency domain for further processing. For fixed-size sliding window applications of the DFT, the observer-based sliding DFT (oSDFT) algorithm has been shown to be stable, accurate, and theoretically faster, than the well-known block-oriented fast Fourier transforms (FFT). However, no hardware implementation of the oSDFT has been proposed yet. In this paper, a hardware optimized implementation of two variants of the algorithm for FPGA is presented. Such implementation is compared with the Xilinx FFT Intellectual Property in terms of processing speed and hardware requirements. The structure is implemented in Verilog HDL using Vivado IDE, with the aim of maximizing the processing speed and minimizing the required hardware resources. The analysis of the FPGA-based oSDFT and FFT circuits in a sample-by-sample processing scenario, reveals, that the latency and energy usage of the oSDFT are smaller relative to the FFT. The latency and energy usage per sample processed of the implemented structures are up to 9 and 10 times lower than those of FFT respectively. The required resources for these methods are also presented and analyzed.

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“…The data are to be transmitted in short bursts with a standard payload of 64 bits, and the packet format includes a fixed preamble and a cyclic redundancy check (CRC). Note that some variations of the standard have been brought forward to optimize different communication metrics; for example, in Wolff and Badri-Hoeher, 8 a convolutional code with an M-ary FSK modulation is utilized rather than frequency hopping, and it is shown that, for the same data throughput, the link has better reliability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Janus compatible software-defined underwater acoustic multiple-input multiple-output modem

Singh

Crispo

Bousquet

et al. 2021

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks

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This article describes the implementation of a multiple-input multiple-output acoustic communication link in shallow water conditions to enable a software-defined acoustic modem with a maximum transmission rate of 20 kbps in a 5-kHz bandwidth. The reliability improvement of a low-complexity Alamouti space–time block code is evaluated to improve the diversity in a high-rate transmission mode using single carrier modulation, as well as in a low-rate transmission mode relying on continuous-phase frequency-shift keying. Using measurements in realistic subsea conditions, the effect of the spatial channel correlation is demonstrated. It is found that for the space–time block code/continuous-phase frequency-shift keying, the spatial diversity is significantly degraded due to the high spatial correlation. In contrast, for the high-mode transmission rate, space–time block code with single carrier modulation offers a bit error rate improvement by a factor over hundred, in comparison to a single transmit element, demonstrating that the multiple-input multiple-output optimal code depends on the software-defined acoustic modem transmission mode.

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Convolutionally Coded Hopping Pattern for MFSK Modulation in Underwater Acoustic Communication

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

A Generalized Anti-Interference Low-Ambiguity Dual-Frequency Multiplexing Modulation Based on the Frequency-Hopping Technique

A Generalized Anti-Interference Low-Ambiguity Dual-Frequency Multiplexing Modulation Based on the Frequency-Hopping Technique

FPGA Realization of the Observer-Based Sliding Discrete Fourier Transform

A Janus compatible software-defined underwater acoustic multiple-input multiple-output modem

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