“Cool! Bikini and lingerie instead of Burka!” – the discursive representation of Muslim women in Austrian women’s magazines

Hametner, Katharina; Rodax, Natalie; Steinicke, Katharina; Mayer, Anna Maria; Landertinger, Lena; Jacob, Isabel Prado

doi:10.1080/14680777.2019.1583679

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Previous studies also signified that collocations represented positive and negative attitudes toward immigrants in Europe (Saleh Aluthman, 2018). The findings were consistent with favorable and unfavorable perceptions toward veiled and unveiled women in Austria's magazines (Hametner et al, 2020). Further, it aligned the construction and labeling of particular groups with religious groups in the US (Samaie & Malmir, 2017) and the vegan movement in the British press with negative and positive associations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…The possible explanation for the lack of religious and historical representation on the corpora could be that Western movies perceived Bali as a tourist destination rather than a religious or historical place. Moreover, compared to previous literature, such as women's veils in the European context (Hametner et al, 2020), particularly religious groups in the US (Samaie & Malmir, 2017) and British contexts (Baker et al, 2013) and the global diseases spoken by the preachers in the Arab contexts (Hamouda et al, 2023), that specified their studies to the representation of religious communities, the present study examined the adjectival collocations of the word Bali in a more general context. Moreover, the religious and historical aspects were less represented in Western movies, which was also not aligned with the existing literature that examined the representation of Tibet, where the religious leader and historical aspects emerged as the paramount representation perspectives (Liu, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies demonstrate that collocation is utilized to represent ethical groups, such as China -Pakistan (Afzaal et al, 2019), ethnic groups in the American news media (Coffey, 2013), Tibet in the Anglo-American perspectives (Liu, 2019), immigrants in the European context (Saleh Aluthman, 2018), women religious fashions from particular religions in the Europe context (Hametner et al, 2020), American men familiarizers dubbed Italian movies (Forchini, 2013), particularly religious groups in the US (Samaie & Malmir, 2017) and British contexts (Baker et al, 2013), climate issue in the US context (Poole & Micalay-Hurtado, 2022), vegans in the British context (Brookes & Chałupnik, 2023), the global diseases spoken by the preachers in the Arab contexts (Hamouda et al, 2023), disabilities that occurred among Vietnamese (Yến-Khanh, 2023). Accordingly, it demonstrates that collocations are a versatile topic that covers a wide range of discussions of multifaceted interests, especially regarding representation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adjectival Collocations of The Word Bali in The Western Movies: Evidence from Three Corpora

Praminatih,

Koeswiryono

2023

Aksara

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Adjectival collocation could depict the representation of things, such as place and individuals, i.e., a particular group, ethnicity, or community. While extensive studies on adjectival collocation and representation have been conducted in the Western context, only a few studies exist to explore a specific place in Southeast Asia. Consequently, this study aims to explore the adjectival collocation and representation of the word Bali from the Western perspective through its movies. To achieve the study’s objectives, a corpus linguistics approach was applied by utilizing three English corpora: The TV Corpus (TV), The Movie Corpus (Movies), and the Corpus of American Soap Opera (Soap), where the highest adjectival collocations from each corpus were collected to scrutinize context and representation. The findings of this study revealed that the adjectival collocations of the three corpora demonstrated five critical representations of the word Bali in Western movies: tourism, religion, history, terrorism, and crime. Further, the adjectival collocation of the word Bali represented the island as an exotic tourist destination with unique local beliefs and a long history. The word Bali was also represented to experience terrorist attacks and drug smuggling cases that made headlines nationally and internationally. The representations of the word Bali in Western movies adhered to events that significantly affected the island. AbstrakKolokasi adjektiva dapat menggambarkan representasi suatu hal, seperti tempat dan orang, yang terdiri atas kelompok, etnis, atau komunitas tertentu. Meskipun studi ekstensif mengenai kolokasi adjektiva dan representasi telah dilakukan dalam konteks Barat, hanya sedikit studi yang mengeksplorasi suatu tempat tertentu di Asia Tenggara. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi kolokasi adjektiva dan representasi kata Bali dari sudut pandang Barat melalui film. Untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian, pendekatan linguistik korpus diterapkan dengan menggunakan tiga korpora bahasa Inggris: TV Corpus (TV), The Movie Corpus (Movies), dan Corpus of American Soap Opera (Soap). Kolokasi adjektiva tertinggi dari tiap-tiap korpus dikumpulkan untuk meneliti konteks dan representasi. Temuan dari penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa kolokasi adjektiva dari ketiga korpora tersebut menunjukkan lima representasi kritis dari kata Bali dalam film Barat: pariwisata, agama, sejarah, terorisme, dan kriminalitas. Kolokasi adjektiva dari kata Bali merepresentasikan pulau ini sebagai tujuan wisata eksotis dengan kepercayaan lokal yang unik dan sejarah yang panjang. Selanjutnya, kata Bali juga direpresentasikan mengalami serangan teroris dan kasus penyelundupan narkoba yang menjadi berita utama secara nasional dan internasional. Representasi kata Bali dalam film Barat sejalan dengan peristiwa yang secara signifikan mempengaruhi pulau ini.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adjectival Collocations of The Word Bali in The Western Movies: Evidence from Three Corpora

Praminatih,

Koeswiryono

2023

Aksara

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“…Accordingly, processes of ‘joyful unveiling’ discursively appear as positive counter-images to representations of wearing the headscarf (Macdonald, 2006: 10). These images represent ‘the Muslim woman’ as ‘free’, ‘emancipated’ and ‘self-confident’ as long as she ‘unveils’ herself and practises ‘Western’ appearance, such as wearing one’s hair loose, wearing lipstick, bikinis, short skirts/dresses, and/or high heels (Farrokhzad, 2002, 2006; Hametner et al, 2020). The trope of the ‘modern’ Muslim woman without the headscarf therefore acts as a counterpart to the stereotype of the ‘traditional’ Muslim woman.…”

Section: ‘Western’ Representations Of the Headscarf: Wearing The Headmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the first phase of research, we conducted a critical discourse analysis, following Jäger (2012), to identify prominent discursive tropes in Austrian media. Using the example of women’s magazines (see Hametner et al, 2020), we identified topics of media discourse that highlighted the dichotomy between Muslim women who wear the headscarf and Muslim women who do not (for further information on the discourse analytical approach, see Hametner et al, 2020). We extended our discursive approach to also include four in-depth narrative interviews (following Schütze, 1983) that explored the everyday experiences of Viennese Muslim women and provided insight into the psychological dimension of our research interest.…”

Section: Stereotypes Of the Headscarf And Their Effects On Everyday Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘After all, I have to show that I’m not different’: Muslim women’s psychological coping strategies with dichotomous and dichotomising stereotypes

Hametner¹,

Rodax²,

Steinicke

et al. 2020

European Journal of Women's Studies

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More than ever, ‘the headscarf’ is a dominant trope in contemporary ‘Western’ discourses on migration. Within controversies on Muslim ‘others’, ethnicity and gender frequently interweave. In discussions about the Muslim woman, a problematic dichotomy frequently emerges: namely the representation of a Muslim woman who wears the headscarf and is seen as ‘oppressed’ or ‘traditional’. This is opposed to the position of a Muslim woman who does not wear the headscarf and is simultaneously considered a ‘self-determined’ or ‘modern’ Muslim woman. Against this backdrop, this contribution adopts a critical perspective on dichotomising discourses on Muslim women’s practices in relation to wearing the headscarf. In this article the authors examine narrative interviews with four Muslim women, focusing on their subjective experiences and psychological coping strategies with dichotomous and dichotomising stereotypes. An in-depth qualitative analysis shows that these women display a need to constantly justify and negotiate their own positions in relation to wearing the headscarf, regardless of whether the interviewed women actually wear a headscarf or not. Based on this, the authors identify different psychological coping strategies and discuss them critically in a wider framework that draws attention to existing social hierarchies.

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Hegemonic femininity, femonationalism and the far-right

Montiel-McCann

2024

JLAC

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The burka has become a key symbol of the supposed ‘Islamification’ of Europe and has led to a series of ‘burka bans’ (Bouattia 2019; Bracke 2012; Hancock 2015). In the debate surrounding these bans, a ‘femonationalist convergence’ has been identified by Farris (2012, 2017) in which the nationalist political right, neoliberal policy makers, and some feminist organisations converge in adopting the language of gender equality to argue that the burka is a symbol of patriarchal oppression. In this paper, I relate this femonationalist convergence to the maintenance of hegemonic femininity, which can be broadly defined as the privileging of femininity that is complementary to white supremacist capitalist patriarchy (hooks 2000). Using feminist critical discourse analysis (Lazar 2005), I analyse the representation of Muslim women in an article on the burka written by former Prime Minister, Boris Johnson, for The Telegraph in 2018. I show how Johnson instrumentalises femonationalist discourse to justify his Islamophobic marginalisation of Muslim women. I conclude that Johnson used this article to lay the groundwork for his Conservative leadership bid the following year and to garner popular support for a shift to the far-right in British politics.

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“Cool! Bikini and lingerie instead of Burka!” – the discursive representation of Muslim women in Austrian women’s magazines

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Adjectival Collocations of The Word Bali in The Western Movies: Evidence from Three Corpora

Adjectival Collocations of The Word Bali in The Western Movies: Evidence from Three Corpora

‘After all, I have to show that I’m not different’: Muslim women’s psychological coping strategies with dichotomous and dichotomising stereotypes

Hegemonic femininity, femonationalism and the far-right

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