“…Therefore, developing and operating a data pipeline on a global scale must be done by the private sector since government have no jurisdictions outside their countries (Klievink et al, 2012). In current data pipeline research, the initiatives for data pipeline development are mostly business-driven, such as the FloraHolland initiative (Rukanova et al, 2017), the OneTouch case (Hu et al, 2016) and the TradeLens platform (Jensen et al, 2019). The scope of information exchange covered by the data pipelines above are from the seller/consignor to the buyer/consignee and the interactions in between include B2B, B2G and G2G (Rukanova et al,2018).…”