Coordination of energy storage systems and DR resources for optimal scheduling of microgrids under uncertainties

Abstract

Wind energy integration into microgrids, has introduced new challenges to energy management systems because of its intermittent behaviour. Owing to continuous changes in generation and consumption, the energy price is volatile. This study proposes a new two-stage stochastic framework for day-ahead scheduling of microgrids. Uncertainties associated to wind power generation, real-time electricity price and load demand are considered. Different scenarios are generated using autoregressive moving-average method and then are reduced using fast-forward technique. On the first stage, the microgrid master controller determines the procured energy from the day-ahead market and commitment states of distributed energy resources (DERs). In the second stage, the purchased energy from the real-time market and schedules of committed DERs are obtained. The problem is modelled using mixed-integer linear programming approach and is solved via CPLEX ® optimizer. Both grid-connected and stand-alone modes of operation are investigated. Despite of high operation cost in island mode, coordination of energy storage systems, incentive-based and price-based demand response (DR) programmes affect economy of microgrids. The framework is examined on a test microgrid. Results show that both of the releasing the microgrid master controller authority and DR resources result in significant saving in operating; especially in emergency conditions such as islanded mode.

Economic emission dispatch on unit commitment-based microgrid system considering wind and load uncertainty using hybrid MGWOSCACSA

“…Optimal solution for battery energy storage system considering uncertainties of wind energy in a microgrid with proposed multi-agent solution has been done in [17], and 14-bus, 30-BESS systems are considered to justify the effectiveness. In [18], two-stage stochastic structure for day ahead scheduling for microgrid has been demonstrated considering real-time electricity price, and uncertainties of wind energy and load demand are considered where price and wind uncertainties are characterized with autoregressive moving-average method. The structure is based on the mixed-integer linear programming, and five case studies have been carried out to validate it.…”

Risk-Constrained Stochastic Scheduling of a Grid-Connected Hybrid Microgrid with Variable Wind Power Generation

“…To successfully participate in the electricity market, the microgrid operator has to forecast market prices. In this study, DA market prices are considered as an uncertainty resource that is characterized by a normal distribution in each time interval [21]. Thus, the PDF of DA market prices is represented by:…”

“…where, λ denotes DA electricity prices and µ and σ stand for mean value and standard deviation of PDF N (λ), respectively. Values of these parameters are obtained from the historical data of electricity markets [21]. In this study, the wind and market price uncertainties are assumed independent, but demands of customers and EVs are correlated to DA market prices.…”

Energy Storage in Microgrids: Challenges, Applications and Research Need

“…Energy storage can offer different services to facilitate microgrid energy management. Firstly, as a dispatchable and controllable prosumer, they can be used to ease the complexity of energy management problem in the presence of intermittent RES and stochastic loads by smoothing the RES power generation and managing the demand [22]. Secondly, energy storage systems are capable of shifting the time of power generation and demand.…”