Copolymerization of acrylamide with cationic monomers in solution and inverse‐microsuspension

Abstract

SynopsisThe free radical copolymerization of acrylamide with three of the most commonly used cationic comonomers diallyldimethylammonium chloride, dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate, and dimethylaminoethylacrylate, the latter two quatemized with methyl chloride, was investigated. The polymerizations were carried out with azocyanovaleric acid and potassium persulfate over the temperature range ,45-60°C. The copolymer reactivity ratios were determined with the errorin-variables method Using residual monomer concentrations, measured by a Nalco HPLC method.This combination of estimation procedure and analytical technique has been found to be superior to any methods used previously for the estimation of reactivity ratios for cationic-acrylamide copolymers.

The inverse emulsion polymerization of acrylamide using polystyrene-graft-polyoxyethylene as the stabilizer

“…However, the concentration of monomer is different in polymer aggregate and aqueous droplet. 20 Increasing amphipathic graft copolymer concentration amounts to increasing locally the monomer concentration ([M]n) in polymer aggregates. 21 Moreover, TEM experiments have shown that the size of polymer aggregates increases with increasing amphipathic graft copolymer concentration, which results in an increase in the content of acrylamide in polymer aggregates.…”

Copolymerization of the poly(N,N-dimethyl-N,N-diallylammonium chloride) macromonomer with acrylamide

“…16 Although the copolymerization of macro monomer 1´ with compound 2 involves two vinylic comonomers, unlike that between monomer 1 and com pound 2 involving the diallylic and vinylic comonomers, macromonomer 1´ (as well as 1) is much less reactive than 2. This is also caused, most likely, by steric hindrance, because macromolecules 1´ are bulky.…”

Synthesizing attapulgite-graft-polyacrylamide flocculant and immobilizing microorganisms to treat low-ammonium water

“…These complexes can integrate further with the chain growth radicals from PAM by altering the activity of the radicals and initiating the polymerization reaction. This process improves reaction rate and product viscosity as well [48]. In conclusion, the addition of ATP facilitates AM polymerization.…”