Copolymerization of carbon dioxide with propylene oxide catalyzed by poly(p‐hydroxystyrene)/diethylzinc system

Abstract

A polymeric catalyst prepared from poly[l-(4-hydroxyphenyl)etylene] (1) and Zn(C2H5)2 was found to be effective for the copolymerization of carbon dioxide and 1,2-epoxypropane. The highest activity was observed when a mole ratio of phenolic hydrogen in 1 to Zn(C2H5)2 equal to unity was applied in contrast to the catalysts so far reported. The structure of the catalyst after the copolymerization was determined by IR and H' NMR spectroscopy. A Zn-CZH5 bond in this system was confirmed to be the active center. A possible inactivation process of the catalyst is proposed.

A new copolymerization process leading to poly(propylene carbonate) with a highly enhanced yield from carbon dioxide and propylene oxide

“…According to the previous studies, 15,23,30,31,32,37,45,47,50 both yield and molecular weight in the copolymerization depend upon CO 2 pressure, temperature, and time. In general, both the yield and molecular weight increase with increasing CO 2 pressure up to 15-20 atm and then level off.…”

N-heterocyclic carbene complexes of Zn(II): synthesis, X-ray structures and reactivity

“…Binary and ternary catalytic systems based on Zn(II) are well-known catalysts for the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of oxiranes and for the copolymerization of oxiranes with CO 2 , respectively [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57]. In a first attempt to use the new complexes for polymerization, compounds 1, 2, and 5 were used in the ROP of propylene oxide.…”

Effects of the structure and morphology of zinc glutarate on the fixation of carbon dioxide into polymer

“…A study on the fixation of CO 2 into polymers has made significant progress since Inoue et al1, 2 first reported the copolymerization of CO 2 and propylene oxide (PO) to produce aliphatic polycarbonate with a diethyl zinc/water complex catalytic system. Since then, researchers have paid attention to exploring various related catalysts and catalyst precursors to increase the catalytic activity and improve the copolymerization process 3–11. Darensbourg and coworkers12, 13 examined a group of soluble zinc(II) phenoxides in which sterically encumbering substituents at the 2‐ and 6‐positions preclude the possibility to improve the catalytic activity for the copolymerization of CO 2 and cyclohexene oxide (CHO).…”