Copper Accumulation in the Liver of Sheep and Cattle Fed Diets Supplemented With Copper Sulfate or Copper Chloride

Ivan, M.; Proulx, J. G.; Morales, Rafael Laurindo; Codagnone, H. C. V.; Dayrell, M. de S.

doi:10.4141/cjas90-089

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…The variation of Cu concentration between sites of the liver was low (< 13.6 % of mean) in relation to differences between individuals during the ‘plateau phase’ and between breeds. Inter‐individual variation has been described by Ivan et al. (1990) after long‐term, low level Cu supplementation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐Term Observation of Subclinical Chronic Copper Poisoning in Two Sheep Breeds

Humann-Ziehank¹,

Coenen²,

Ganter³

et al. 2001

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

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Fourteen castrated male sheep of two breeds, the Mutton Merino (MMB) and Blackhead Suffolk cross breed (BSC), were exposed to an oral copper (Cu) intake of 3.7 mg/day per kg body weight for 84 days (high Cu group, HCu), and 11 castrated male sheep received a daily oral Cu intake of 0.16 mg/day per kg body weight (controls). Liver Cu concentration was measured in liver biopsies until 2.7 years after Cu overdose. Haematologic parameters, plasma Cu, enzymes and metabolites were analysed and post-mortem examinations were carried out. No haemolytic crises occurred. The highest liver Cu concentrations (133-677 mg/kg wet weight) were measured in HCu sheep around day 110 with significantly higher values in BSC than in MMB. The very slow decreases of liver Cu concentration of HCu sheep after day 215 showed individual half-life periods of 175 +/- 91 days. A progressive Cu retention in the liver of HCu sheep during Cu supplementation indicates strong Cu binding and storage in the liver. High values of glutamate dehydrogenase (20-940 U/l) measured frequently until day 700 and a diminished plasma clearance of bromosulphthalein as well as pathohistological findings of focal liver necrosis confirm the markedly chronic character of Cu poisoning.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐Term Observation of Subclinical Chronic Copper Poisoning in Two Sheep Breeds

Humann-Ziehank¹,

Coenen²,

Ganter³

et al. 2001

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

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“…Such a strong variability amongst sheep towards CCP has been reported before [16,35], but remains largely unexplained to our knowledge. Occurrence of the maximal GLDH plasma activity after the end of Cu exposure had also been documented in previous studies [16].…”

Section: Monitoring the Ccp Status Of Sheep By Blood Analysis 321 Hep...mentioning

confidence: 57%

Grazing Sheep in Organic Vineyards: An On-Farm Study about Risk of Chronic Copper Poisoning

Trouillard¹,

Lèbre²,

Heckendorn

2021

Sustainability

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Many winegrowers and sheep breeders are interested in wintertime grazing in vineyards, as an agroecological alternative to mowing or herbicide spraying, and additional supply of forage. Still, strong concern is raised by the use of copper-based fungicides, particularly in organic vineyards, since copper is known to induce chronic toxicosis in sheep. We conducted an on-farm study with n = 12 1-year-old Merinos × Mourerous ewes grazing the cover vegetation of vineyard plots during wintertime, in order to check whether this agricultural practice might be harmful to sheep. Our results indicate that most copper found in the cover vegetation originates from fungicide spraying versus plant uptake from the soil, and that rain-induced washing-off and plant growth-triggered dilution of copper are crucial to reach close-to-safe grazing conditions. Furthermore, we found that while sheep remained globally healthy during the 2 months of the experimental period, the plasma activity of Glutamate Dehydrogenase increased by 17.3 ± 3.0 U/L upon vineyard grazing (p < 0.001), reflecting liver storage of copper. We also discovered that the dynamics of molybdenum in sheep plasma are strongly affected by exposure to copper, suggesting a possible adaptation mechanism. Overall, our results suggest that winter grazing of sheep in organic vineyards is reasonably safe, but that care should be taken about grazing period duration. More research should be conducted with respect to long-term copper accumulation, spring and summer grazing, and possible protective mechanisms against copper chronic poisoning.

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Estimation of the relative bioavailability of inorganic copper sources for sheep

et al. 1995

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Copper Accumulation in the Liver of Sheep and Cattle Fed Diets Supplemented With Copper Sulfate or Copper Chloride

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Long‐Term Observation of Subclinical Chronic Copper Poisoning in Two Sheep Breeds

Long‐Term Observation of Subclinical Chronic Copper Poisoning in Two Sheep Breeds

Grazing Sheep in Organic Vineyards: An On-Farm Study about Risk of Chronic Copper Poisoning

Estimation of the relative bioavailability of inorganic copper sources for sheep

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