Copper deficiency in ruminants; recent developments

Suttle, N. F.

doi:10.1136/vr.119.21.519

Cited by 129 publications

(64 citation statements)

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“…Copper is an important serum trace element and its deficiency has been associated frequently with poor growth and hair colour changes (Fyffe 1996). The optimum plasma concentration of Cu is important for normal reproduction and performance (Suttle 1986;Gooneratne et al 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and Haematological Values in Venous Blood of Farmed Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) at High Altitude

Padilla¹,

Bouda²,

Quiroz-Rocha³

et al. 2000

Acta Vet. Brno

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Red deer, venous blood, biochemical values, haematology, high altitudeIn recent years red deer has been farmed in Mexico. Some biochemical and haematological analytes have been described in this species, however, their values depend mainly on nutrition, management and environmental conditions. Biochemical and haematological values are important for monitoring of health status and diagnosis of diseases. Great differences were described in values of plasma analytes, especially in concentrations of Na + and K + in red deer ( W ilson and Pauli 1983;Knox et al. 1988;Hargreaves and Matthews 1995).The objective of this study was to determine biochemical and haematological values in venous blood of farm red deer in central Mexico at the altitude of 2 450 m. Materials and MethodsBlood biochemical values were determined in 30 red deer (Cervus elaphus) (15 males, 15 females) and haematological values in 60 animals (30 males and 30 females) aged 5 months, average body mass 53.9 kg without clinical signs of disease. The animals were kept on pasture in the Valley of central Mexico at the altitude of 2 450 m. The climate was moderate, rainy during summer, with average temperature between 5 and 14 °C. The pasture was composed of rye grass, orchard, kikuyo, white clover and alfalfa. Daily calculated dry matter consume was 2.06 kg per animal. During sampling the animals without sedation were gently restrained in standing position, in a small pen, with covered eyes and plugged ears.Samples of blood were taken from jugular vein into plain tubes for biochemical analyses, into tubes containing EDTA k3 for haematological analyses and in syringes previously coated with 2 per cent heparin Na for determination of acid-base values. The air bubbles were expelled from the syringe immediately after blood collection and then the needle was inserted into a rubber stopper to prevent exposure of sample to air. The sealed syringes after collection were immersed in a mixture of ice and water.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and Haematological Values in Venous Blood of Farmed Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) at High Altitude

Padilla¹,

Bouda²,

Quiroz-Rocha³

et al. 2000

Acta Vet. Brno

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“…It seems that stress levels have a major influence on blood glucose values (Kolb et al 1995). The mineral composition of the foodstuff can have major effects on Cu availability (Suttle 1986). Elevations of dietary Mo and Fe can interfere with proper Cu utilisation (Grace 1983;Audige et al 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzootic ataxia associated with copper deficiency in a farmed red deer: a case report

Vengušt¹,

Švara²,

Gombač³

et al. 2015

Vet. Med. - Czech

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ABSTRACT:The occurrence of enzootic ataxia in a farmed red deer (Cervus elaphus) is reported. A nine-year-old male presented with progressive ataxia, hind limb weakness, sudden falling down while running and temporary inability to rise. Gross and histopathological examinations of organs, haematology, serum biochemistry and measurement of concentrations of copper and molybdenum in the liver were done. Examination of fresh liver tissue and blood serum revealed very low copper concentrations of 15.7 mmol/kg and 1 mmol/l, respectively. Histopathology revealed typical severe bilaterally symmetrical vacuolisation of white matter of pons cerebelli and spinal cord, and hepatic haemosiderosis. According to the clinical signs and laboratory results, a diagnosis of enzootic ataxia due to copper deficiency was made. To the best of our knowledge, these cooper values in blood serum and liver tissue are the lowest ever reported in deer with clinically expressed enzootic ataxia.

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“…Determination of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in snails' tissue homogenates, which is a measure of lipid peroxidation, was measured by Okhawa et al (1979) method. Determination of snails' tissue homogenates superoxide dismutase (SOD) was estimated based on the method of Suttle (1986). Determination of protein carbonyl (PC) level in snails' tissue homogenates was determined using a method by Levine et al (1990).…”

Section: Determination Of Biochemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of sodium fluoride toxicity in Schistosoma infected snails: assessment of antioxidants, antiapoptotic, hypoprotein and hypocholesterol activities

2016

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The snails' tissues represents an intermediate or secondary host for Schistosoma sporocysts where, germ cells within the secondary sporocyst begin to divide to produce thousands of cercariae capable of infecting humans. The aim of the study was to evaluate the toxicity of sodium fluoride in Schistosoma snails' tissue homogenates. A total number of 264 different Schistosoma snails were collected from eight drainage water resources and divided into control uninfected and infected snails; where infected snails divided into four group; the first group without any treatment while second, third and fourth groups immersed in 25, 50 and 100 mg sodium fluoride/L during the period of 4 weeks then the snails' hemolymph and tissue homogenates were prepared to evaluate the snail' tissue antioxidants, protein content, lipid profile and apoptosis. The results obtained revealed that superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, reduced glutathione, glutathione reductase levels were decreased while malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, total protein, albumin, globulin, cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and triglycerides levels were increased in Schistosoma infected snails' tissues. Schistosoma also induced apoptosis in snails' tissues homogenates. Sodium fluoride restores all the above parameters to approach the control uninfected snails levels. In conclusion, sodium fluoride inhibits oxidative stress and apoptosis produced in Schistosoma infected snails and consequently it is be useful to be used in Schistosoma infection inhibition where sodium fluoride at higher dose was more effective than the lower two doses.

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Copper deficiency in ruminants; recent developments

Cited by 129 publications

References 0 publications

Biochemical and Haematological Values in Venous Blood of Farmed Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) at High Altitude

Biochemical and Haematological Values in Venous Blood of Farmed Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) at High Altitude

Enzootic ataxia associated with copper deficiency in a farmed red deer: a case report

Evaluation of sodium fluoride toxicity in Schistosoma infected snails: assessment of antioxidants, antiapoptotic, hypoprotein and hypocholesterol activities

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