Copper Nanoparticle Modified Pencil Graphite Electrode for Electroanalysis of Adenine

Abstract

A pencil graphite electrode (PeGE) modified with copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) was employed for sensitive electrochemical detection of adenine (Ade). The CuNPs were synthesized by the chemical reduction of copper (II) sulphate by borohydride in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and immobilized onto the electrode surface by means of physical adsorption. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) results illustrate that the CuNP‐modified PeGE provides at least fivefold increase of Ade oxidation peaks compared to the bare PeGE. The detection limit in CV corresponds to value of 200 nM. The accumulation of Ade through the complex with Cu (I) allows us to introduce the novel biosensor for the determination not only of adenine but also purines capable to form analogical Cu (I) complexes.

Electrochemical and DFT studies of brass corrosion inhibition in 3% NaCl in the presence of environmentally friendly compounds

“…The peak intensity is greatest in the presence of the highest adenine concentration or after the longest pretreatment. This current peak can be attributed to the reaction of Cu + and adenine and the formation of the Cu(I)-adenine complex 23 .

Figure 4Cyclic voltammetric curves of brass in 3% NaCl ( a ) in the absence and presence of different concentrations of adenine; ( b ) after brass pretreatment in 5·10 −3 M AD for different periods of time (30 min, 60 min, 3 h and 24 h).

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“…As a result of these reactions, a protective layer [Cu-C 5 H 4 N 5 ] ads is formed on the electrode surface. According to Sharma and Trnkova 23 , it is also possible to form adenine dimers at higher potentials in neutral and alkaline media.…”

New Disposable Nitric Oxide Sensor Fabrication Using GaN Nanowires

“…The design of an electrochemical sensor, based on carbon electrodes, has attracted wide attention in the recent years. , Among different kinds of carbon-based electrodes such as carbon paste, glassy carbon, carbon nanotube, ordered mesoporous, normal graphite electrodes modified with various redox mediators are used in the electroanalytical field. Especially, the pencil graphite electrode (PGE) has enormous advantages such as low cost, ease of availability, adjustable active surface area, ease of technology for surface modification, and miniaturization. , Modified PGE-based electrochemical sensing platforms have attracted considerable attention in the field of analytical chemistry, which can improve the detection of biomolecules; for example, electrochemical detection of adenine based on copper nanoparticles (CuNPs)-modified PGE, detection of glucose by immobilization of graphene oxide on the graphene-modified PGE, and DNA-based biosensor by immobilization of MWCNT-PDDA/DNA-modified PGE . The electroactivity of PGEs depends on surface pretreatment using electrochemical procedures, , To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the preparation of GaN nanowires on PGE and its use for NO-sensing.…”

One‐Dimensional Nanowire Hybrids Constructed from Silver Nanowire and Carboxylic Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Electrochemical Simultaneous Determination of Guanine and Adenine

“…Hence, proposed a rapid and selective method for simultaneous determination of adenine and guanine in DNA has great significance to the clinical diagnosis. Although various methods such as spectroscopic methods, high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry have been applied to investigate the concentration of guanine and adenine, but these methods are usually high‐cost, complicated and time consuming ,. In contrast with aforementioned methods, electrochemical sensors fabricated by various electrode materials possess the merit of rapid response, easy operation, time saving and low‐cost, which have been widely used in analytical chemistry .…”