Coptidis Rhizoma extract inhibits replication of respiratory syncytial virus in vitro and in vivo by inducing antiviral state

Abstract

Coptidis Rhizoma is derived from the dried rhizome of Ranunculaceous plants and is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. Although Coptidis Rhizoma is commonly used for its many therapeutic effects, antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has not been reported in detail. In this study, we evaluated the antiviral activities of Coptidis Rhizoma extract (CRE) against RSV in human respiratory tract cell line (HEp2) and BALB/c mice. An effective dose of CRE significantly reduces the replication of RSV in HEp2 cells and reduces the RSV-induced cell death. This antiviral activity against RSV was through the induction of type I interferon-related signaling and the antiviral state in HEp2 cells. More importantly, oral administration of CRE exhibited prophylactic effects in BALB/c mice against RSV. In HPLC analysis, we found the presence of several compounds in the aqueous fraction and among them; we confirmed that palmatine was related to the antiviral properties and immunemodulation effect. Taken together, an extract of Coptidis Rhizoma and its components play roles as immunomodulators and could be a potential source as promising natural antivirals that can confer protection to RSV. These outcomes should encourage further allied studies in other natural products.

Application of Humanized Zebrafish Model in the Suppression of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Induced Pathology by Tri-Herbal Medicine Coronil via Cytokine Modulation

“…Magnoflorine and tinosporide isolated from T. cordifolia inhibits the HIV-1 protease active site with a very high affinity [71]. Palmatine inhibits respiratory syncytial virus in vitro and in vivo by inducing an antiviral state [72]. Furthermore, using the molecular docking approach, we and others have demonstrated the possible use of W. somnifera against SARS-CoV-2, wherein withanone, bound at the interface of the ACE2-RBD complex, and interrupted the electrostatic interactions between the RBD and ACE2.…”

Hepatitis E Virus Papain-Like Cysteine Protease Inhibits Type I Interferon Induction by Down-Regulating Melanoma Differentiation-Associated Gene 5

“…Upon virus infection, host cells rapidly mount type I IFN responses. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) play an important role at the early stage of infection [3,13,[35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42]: MDA5, RIG-I, and toll-like receptors (TLR). MDA5 and RIG-I are known to sense the RNA genome of the invading pathogens.…”

Palmatine: A review of pharmacological properties and pharmacokinetics

“…PLT at a dose of 55 μM inhibited viral replication and decreased the death rate of infected HEp2 cells by almost 75% compared with the control group. Additionally, a significant increase in the level of IL‐6 and IFN‐β in HEp2 cells was observed, which indicated that the alkaloid had immunomodulatory properties (Lee et al, ).…”