Core–Shell Dispersed Polymeric Ionic Liquids as Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for CO2 Conversion into Cyclic Carbonates

Mesoporous coordinated polymers with single‐metal‐site iridium for efficient catalysis in propylene hydroformylation

“…FT‐IR spectra of the p‐TBCP‐Ir catalyst are plotted in Figure 3A. A peak at 650 cm −1 is attributed to the bending vibration of Zr‐O, 59,60 indicating that the carboxyl group of TBCP is coordinated with the zirconium atom. There are three absorption peaks at 1628, 1547, and 1419 cm −1 , which belong to the stretching vibration of the aromatic skeleton in the catalyst p‐TBCP‐Ir, respectively 59 …”

The coupling reaction of epoxides with carbon dioxide catalyzed by functional cross-linked polystyrenes and metal salts/functional polystyrenes systems

“…Though great achievement has been made by homogeneous catalysts, the separation of the catalyst from the reaction product or reactant is difficult as a consequence of the high boiling point of cyclic carbonates. 20,21 To address this issue, different types of heterogeneous catalysts including metal oxides, 22 zeolites, 23 metal–organic frameworks, 24 ionic liquids, 25 poly(ionic liquids), 26 organic/inorganic hybrids 27 have been developed for the cycloaddition of CO 2 to epoxides. In the meantime, homogeneous metal complexes of high catalytic activity have been heterogenized for this catalytic transformation.…”