Core-shell expandable graphite @ aluminum hydroxide as a flame-retardant for rigid polyurethane foams

Wang, Yintao; Wang, Feng; Dong, Quanxiao; Xie, Mingchen; Liu, Peng; Ding, Yanfen; Zhang, Shimin; Zheng, Guoqiang

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2017.10.017

Cited by 84 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Conventionally, intensity of fire is correlated with the HRR, Figures (a) and (a) show the trends in change in HRR with time. It exhibits two peaks for most of the formulations, which are attributed to the formation of a protective charred layer during the burning of foam . Results show that peak heat‐release rate (PHRR) was 84 and 94 kW m −2 for the foam composite containing 6% w/w of alumina powder and 6% w/w of zirconia powder, respectively, which were less than that of neat RPUF (118 kW m −2 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Flame retardancy of ceramic‐based rigid polyurethane foam composites

Agrawal

Kaur

Walia

2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this work, ceramic fillers zirconia and alumina powder were incorporated in the rigid polyurethane foams derived from modified castor oil and their impact on the mechanical, thermal, and fire performances of composite foams have been analyzed. It was observed that the addition of ceramic filler showed improved mechanical and thermal properties and best properties were shown by 6% zirconia with compressive strength of 6.61 MPa and flexural strength of 5.72 MPa. Zirconia also demonstrated an increase in T5% up to 260 °C. Cone calorimetry shows a decrease in peak of heat release from 118 to 84 kW m−2 and 94 kW m−2 by the incorporation of alumina and zirconia powder, respectively. Furthermore, total heat release (THR), smoke production rate (SPR), and total smoke release (TSR) were also found to decrease remarkably on the incorporation of ceramic fillers. So, these fillers have a great potential as an additive to incorporate good mechanical, thermal, and fire properties in bio‐based rigid PU foams. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48250.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Flame retardancy of ceramic‐based rigid polyurethane foam composites

Agrawal

Kaur

Walia

2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…It is evident that the TTIs (time to ignition) of carbon fibre filler incorporated RPUFs have shown a slight increase from 2 s to 5 s for the foams incorporated with 8% carbon fibre powder. Conventionally, the intensity of fire is correlated with the heat release rate (HRR) (31). Results showed that peak heat-release rate (PHRR) were decreased from 118 kW/m 2 to 85 kW/m 2 for the foam containing 8% carbon fibre powder (Figure 6c).…”

Section: Cone Calorimeter Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of vegetable oil-based conducting rigid PU foam

2019

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In this study, carbon fibre powder has been used as reinforcement to enhance the electrical conductivity of bio-based rigid polyurethane foam. Effect of carbon fibre incorporation on the mechanical, thermal and flame retardant properties has also been investigated. Results concluded that the foams with 8% carbon fibre concentration showed up to 288% increase in compressive strength. Furthermore, up to 28% decrease in the peak of heat release rate (PHRR) was observed on the incorporation of carbon fibre powder. Additionally, the rate of smoke production was also found decreased for carbon fibre reinforced foams. Foams with 8% and 10% carbon fibre concentration show conductivity of 1.9 × 10-4 and 7.1 × 10-4 S/m, respectively. So, carbon fibre powder may be used as a potential filler to enhance the electrical conductivity of rigid foams without compromising the other properties.

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“…According to this, ATH was studied in combination with other additives in order to obtain a synergistic effect. Wang et al synthesized a core-shell structure consisting of expandable graphite (EG) particles encapsulated with ATH for enhancing the fire behaviour of rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) [43]. The LOI test illustrated that the addition of 11.5 wt% FR increased the value from 21.5 to 29.6%.…”

Section: Inorganic-based Flame Retardantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halogen-free flame retardants for application in thermoplastics based on condensation polymers

et al. 2019

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Future materials in the field of thermoplastics require a lower impact on the environment. Actual thermoplastic materials also require "greener" additives for thermal and fire resistance profile. In this work, some of the recent solutions for halogen-free flame retardants were discussed in the context of viable routes with economical and industrial relevance. The fire retardant mechanism was discussed in order to imagine new solutions for future additives. Some of the main (inorganic, organic or hybrid) flame retardants can be used as common platform for the next classes of thermoplastic composites (synthetic, natural, or bio-based). The new generation of flame retardants (based on the emerging solutions) will have to surpass two major barriers: the cost effectiveness and the need for high concentration (which usually affects other properties).

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Core-shell expandable graphite @ aluminum hydroxide as a flame-retardant for rigid polyurethane foams

Cited by 84 publications

References 44 publications

Flame retardancy of ceramic‐based rigid polyurethane foam composites

Flame retardancy of ceramic‐based rigid polyurethane foam composites

Development of vegetable oil-based conducting rigid PU foam

Halogen-free flame retardants for application in thermoplastics based on condensation polymers

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