Coriander Oil Reverses Dexamethasone-Induced Insulin Resistance in Rats

Abstract

In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of coriander oil on dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance in rats and characterize its chemical composition using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Rats were divided into five groups (n = 6): Normal control, insulin resistance (IR) control, IR + metformin (50 mg/kg/day, PO, Per Oral), IR + coriander oil low dose (0.5 mL/kg, PO), and IR + coriander oil high dose (1 mL/kg, PO). IR groups were injected with a dose of 10 mg/kg dexamethasone subcutaneously for four consecutive days. All groups received either vehicle or drugs daily for four days. Animal weights and pancreatic weights were measured, and oral glucose tolerance test was performed at the end of study. Fasting glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), HDL and insulin levels in serum, MDA, and GSH levels in pancreatic tissue were measured and HOMA-IR was calculated. Immunoexpression of apoptosis markers BAX, and BCL2 was measured in pancreatic tissues and BAX/BCL2 ratio was calculated. Histopathological examination of pancreatic tissues was also performed. Pancreatic weight, serum HDL, pancreatic GSH, and BCL2 were decreased while serum glucose, insulin, TG, TC levels, AUC of OGGT, HOMA-IR, pancreatic MDA, BAX, and BAX/BCL2 ratio were increased in IR rats. Histopathological examination showed congestion, vacuolation and hemorrhage in pancreatic islets. These changes were reversed by metformin and the high dose of coriander oil treatments. The obtained activities could be attributed to the presence of 21 volatile compounds, identified by GC-MS. Our study indicates that coriander oil can be used as an adjuvant antihyperglycemic agent in type 2 diabetes. Further experiments are needed to determine the therapeutic dose and the treatment time.

Black pepper oil (Piper nigrum L.) mitigates dexamethasone induced pancreatic damage via modulation of oxidative and nitrosative stress

“…2 ). Similar results were observed from Coriander oil [12] . The reduction of insulin resistance caused by BP oil may be responsible for the improvement of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia observed in the current study.…”

“…Fruits (4 Kg) were ground into a coarse powder, then Clevenger type apparatus was used to run hydro-distillation for 2 h. The obtained oil was stored, until further analysis, in a dark vial at the freezer. A Shimadzu GC-MS/QP2010 (Kyoto, Japan) coupled with Rtx®-5MS fused bonded column (30 m length, 0.25 mm internal diameter and 0.25 µm film thickness, Restek, USA) was used to assign the volatile components of the oil at the same conditions [12] .…”

“…Food and water were offered as per the standard procedure (ad libitum). Dexamethasone (10 mg/kg body weight, EPICO Co., 10th of Ramadan city, Egypt) was dissolved in normal saline, and subcutaneously injected daily at the same time for 4 consecutive days to induce pancreatic damage [12] . Animals were divided randomly into 5 groups (n = 6).…”

“…Several disease processes and states have been linked to oxidative and nitrosative stresses, including ageing, ischemia/reperfusion injury, hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetic neuropathies, renal disorders, neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and other types of dementia, and malignancies [9] , [8] , [10] . Several essential oils with antioxidant properties showed promising mitigation effects against the deleterious effects of glucocorticoids induced oxidative stress [12] , [11] .…”

“…In the current work, we profiled the volatile constituents of black pepper ( P. nigrum ) fruits essential oil and explored its protective effects against dexamethasone induced pancreatic damage and glucocorticoid induced diabetes. We used metformin as a reference drug, where previous studies in human and animal models showed that metformin inhibits important gluconeogenic enzymes and fatty acid production, resulting in improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity under glucocorticoid treatment and protects pancreas against dexamethasone induced oxidative damage [19] , [12] .…”