Corn feeding during development induces changes in the number of serotonergic neurons in the raphe nuclei

Orozco‐Suárez, Sandra; Angel, Alma Rosa Del; Beas‐Zárate, Carlos; Manjarrrez, Gabriel; Feria‐Velasco, Alfredo

doi:10.1016/s0736-5748(02)00124-7

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Since agonistic displays may be markedly affected by this interaction, xenoestrogenic activity of BPA as it relates to ER and ERRγ agonism (general: Zuercher et al 2005; Ben-Jonathan and Steinmetz 1998; human: Okada et al 2008; rat: Washington et al 2001), and the consequent effects on the serotonergic system during development may be an example of BPA-induced neuroendocrine disruption. Because serotonin is important during brain development and in controlling levels of aggression, and BPA enhances 5-HT activity, BPA-induced changes in embryonic 5-HT levels may be responsible for altered brain development (fish: Elipot et al 2013; Dahlbom et al 2012; Clotfelter et al 2007; mice: Rood and Beck 2013; rat: Cao et al 2013; Donner and Handa 2011; Matsuda et al 2010; González et al 2008; Honma et al 2006; Orozco-Suárez 2003; Persico et al 2000; Yan et al 1997). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bisphenol A Exposure During Early Development Induces Sex-Specific Changes in Adult Zebrafish Social Interactions

Weber

Hoffmann

Hoke³

et al. 2014

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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Developmental bisphenol A (BPA) exposure is associated with adverse behavioral effects, although underlying modes of action remain unclear. Because BPA is a suspected xenoestrogen, the objective was to identify sex-based changes in adult zebrafish social behavior developmentally exposed to BPA (0.0, 0.1 or 1 μM) or one of two control compounds (0.1μM 17β-estradiol [E2], and 0.1 μM GSK4716, a synthetic estrogen-related receptor γ ligand). A test chamber was divided lengthwise so each arena held one fish unable to detect the presence of the other fish. A mirror was inserted at one end of each arena; baseline activity levels were determined without mirror. Arenas were divided into 3, computer-generated zones to represent different distances from mirror image. Circadian rhythm patterns were evaluated at 1–3 (= AM) and 5–8 (= PM) hr postprandial. Adult zebrafish were placed into arenas and monitored by digital camera for 5 min. Total distance traveled, % time spent at mirror image, and number of attacks on mirror image were quantified. E2, GSK4716, and all BPA treatments dampened male activity and altered male circadian activity patterns; there was no marked effect on female activity. BPA induced non-monotonic effects (response curve changes direction within range of concentrations examined) on male % time at mirror only in AM. All treatments produced increased % time at the mirror during PM. Male attacks on the mirror were reduced by BPA exposure only during AM. There were sex-specific effects of developmental BPA on social interactions and time-of-day of observation affected results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bisphenol A Exposure During Early Development Induces Sex-Specific Changes in Adult Zebrafish Social Interactions

Weber

Hoffmann

Hoke³

et al. 2014

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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“…Pharmacological and dietary deprivations have been extensively used to study several processes where serotonin is involved. Dietary deprivation uses diets where tryptophan is absent or diminished while the other essential amino acids remain constant in the formulation (Del Ángel‐Meza et al, 2001; Fernstrom and Hirsch, 1977; González et al, 2008; Orozco‐Suárez et al, 2003; Segall and Timiras, 1976; Thomas and Wysor, 1967; Van der Does, 2001); tryptophan is an essential amino acid only acquired by dietary intake in mammals which are unable to synthesize this amino acid. Pharmacological approaches consist on administration of 5‐HT synthesis inhibitors such as dl ‐p‐chlorophenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride (PCPA) or p‐chloroamphetamine (PCA) (Persico et al, 2000; Vitalis et al, 2007; Yan et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During ontogenesis, experimental evidence suggests that serotonin regulates brain development, particularly the serotonergic system. Prenatal 5‐HT depleting treatments produce an overall maturational delay (Persico et al, 2000), transient depletion of 5‐HT by neonatal PCA results in a decreased dendritic length in granule cells (Yan et al, 1997) neonatal tryptophan restriction reduces 5‐HT immunoreactive (ir) cells in the raphe nuclei and induces an abnormal pattern of retino‐tectal topography (González et al, 2008) and prenatal and postnatal administration of corn diet reduces 5‐HT ir cells in the rostral raphe nuclei between postnatal days (P) 13 and 60 (Orozco‐Suárez et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe due to chronic prenatal administration of a tryptophan‐free diet

Flores‐Cruz

Escobar

2012

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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Serotonin (5-HT) is a widely studied neurotransmitter which plays an important role in the development and proper functioning of the organism throughout life. The appearance of 5-HT system early in ontogeny suggests the hypothesis that 5-HT plays a regulatory role in neurodevelopment. This study investigated the effect of administration of a tryptophan deficient diet during prenatal development on the morphology and cell population of the dorsal raphe. The experimental diet, containing balanced amounts of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins, was provided to a time-mated group of rats from gestational day 5 until delivery. Control groups were fed with (i) the experimental diet formulation with 0.2% tryptophan added to the mixture, or (ii) a regular chow diet. At delivery, five pups per dam were euthanized. Body and brain weight was measured and brain sections were processed for immunohistochemistry for tryptophan hydroxylase (TrpH) and whole brain 5-HT analysis. Sections containing dorsal raphe were photographed with a light microscope and TrpH positive neurons quantified. Brain weights in the tryptophan deprived group showed no difference as compared with controls while body weights were reduced by 25%. Total numbers of serotonergic neurons at the dorsal raphe in the prenatal tryptophan deficient pups were reduced by 35%. A regional analysis of the dorsal raphe indicated a marked cellular reduction in the medial and caudal sections of the nucleus, which contains the majority of serotonergic neurons, in the tryptophan deprived condition. Quantitative 5-HT analysis showed that the brain concentration was similar among conditions. In conclusion, gestational tryptophan deprivation exerts adverse effects on the development of the 5-HT system, particularly in the dorsal raphe, manifested by decreased numbers of serotonergic neurons as well as altered topography in this important nucleus.

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“…For instance, Carlsson et al (1987), by their observations, went so far as to assert that ''…brain serotonin neurons are more developed in female rats than in males…'' and ''…that certain, but not all, brain serotonin receptor populations display higher responsiveness in females…''. Being essential amino acids not only precursor of neurotransmitters but also source of peptides as well protein molecules, stability of amino acid availability in a developing embryo must be considered crucial for effective brain and body development and growth (Nicotra et al 2004). As the concentrations of amino acid in the body are regulated by the rates of food supply, protein turnover and peripheral metabolism, one could suppose that experimental food or protein restriction, or even selective lack, in meal, of one or more essential amino acids during ontogenesis and/or postnatal life, could impair pre-and postnatal development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embryonic and postnatal development in experimental tryptophan deprived rats. A preliminary study

Imbesi

Castrogiovanni

2008

J Mol Hist

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An ontogenetic and endocrinological study has been designed on developing rats in uterus of mothers tryptophan deprived at day 1 (exp. 1) and day 14.5 (exp. 2) of conception to verify the supposed determining role of the serotoninergic system (SS) in sexual differentiation in mammals. Tryptophan-free feeding has been pursued uninterruptedly in the litter after birth, during lactation and postnatal development. Tryptophan-free pregnant rats were obtained by exclusion of tryptophan sources from chow. In both exp. 1 and exp. 2 the litter showed at birth a significant physical under evolution, that worsened, during post-natal development, to a much more marked dwarfism in exp. 1 pups. At 30 days postnatal age, whereas the female exp. 1 rats showed a right-timed onset of puberty, neither descensus of the testes nor spermatogenesis could be observed in the male rats of the same experiment. Endocrinologically the males showed a significant reduction of plasma FSH levels, but also a slight increase of those of LH. Moreover, a marked hypoandrogenism and a severe hypoprolactinemia characterized the males of this group. Hypoprolactinemia was the major endocrinological finding also in the female litter, which, however, at 30 days p.n. age showed the typical histological patterns of a cycling ovary, i.e. growing secondary follicles with scattered antral spaces, and thus a right-timed pubertal maturation, in spite of the significant lower plasma levels of pituitary gonadotropins and sex steroids. When mothers were tryptophan deprived at 14.5 of pregnancy (exp. 2), the litters showed a less marked dwarfism, persistent, severe hypoprolactinemia as in exp. 1 rats, but a normal right-timed onset of puberty in both male and female rats. Taken together these findings confirm on the one hand the close relationship between SS and PRL. On the other hand, they suggest a major, crucial role of PRL played in the male rat before day 14.5 of intrauterine development, presumably intervening in the synthesis of LH receptors sites by the maturing Leydig cells in the male gonads. Growth hormone concentrations in both sexes dwarf rats were lower than in control rats.

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Corn feeding during development induces changes in the number of serotonergic neurons in the raphe nuclei

Cited by 11 publications

References 45 publications

Bisphenol A Exposure During Early Development Induces Sex-Specific Changes in Adult Zebrafish Social Interactions

Bisphenol A Exposure During Early Development Induces Sex-Specific Changes in Adult Zebrafish Social Interactions

Reduction of serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe due to chronic prenatal administration of a tryptophan‐free diet

Embryonic and postnatal development in experimental tryptophan deprived rats. A preliminary study

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