Corneal Reshaping and Wavefront Aberrations During Overnight Orthokeratology

Liang, Yan; Shen, Meixiao; Huang, Shenghai; Yuan, Yongyi; Wang, Yaozeng; Zhu, Dexi; Jiang, Jun; Mao, Xinjie; Wang, Jianhua; Liu, Fan

doi:10.1097/icl.0000000000000031

Cited by 43 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Orthokeratology produces a significant increase in on‐axis HOAs, even after one night of wear . Following seven nights of treatment, the increase in corneal HOAs ranges from 0.199 μm over a 5 mm pupil, to 0.71 μm over a 6 mm pupil . Additionally, the increase in ocular HOAs has been reported to be 0.175 μm over a 5 mm pupil to 0.63 μm over a 6.5 mm pupil, with the changes in ocular and corneal HOAs typically stabilising after 30 nights of lens wear .…”

Section: Hoas and Myopia Control Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the increase in ocular HOAs has been reported to be 0.175 μm over a 5 mm pupil to 0.63 μm over a 6.5 mm pupil, with the changes in ocular and corneal HOAs typically stabilising after 30 nights of lens wear . The predominant changes in HOAs are positive shifts in corneal and ocular primary spherical aberration (

Z_{4}^{0}

), and corneal and ocular primary horizontal coma (

Z_{3}^{1}

). In addition, changes in corneal primary vertical coma (

Z_{3}^{- 1}

) have been reported .…”

Section: Hoas and Myopia Control Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Higher order aberrations, refractive error development and myopia control: a review

Hughes

Vincent

Read

et al. 2020

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Evidence from animal and human studies suggests that ocular growth is influenced by visual experience. Reduced retinal image quality and imposed optical defocus result in predictable changes in axial eye growth. Higher order aberrations are optical imperfections of the eye that alter retinal image quality despite optimal correction of spherical defocus and astigmatism. Since higher order aberrations reduce retinal image quality and produce variations in optical vergence across the entrance pupil of the eye, they may provide optical signals that contribute to the regulation and modulation of eye growth and refractive error development. The magnitude and type of higher order aberrations vary with age, refractive error, and during near work and accommodation. Furthermore, distinctive changes in higher order aberrations occur with various myopia control treatments, including atropine, near addition spectacle lenses, orthokeratology and soft multifocal and dual‐focus contact lenses. Several plausible mechanisms have been proposed by which higher order aberrations may influence axial eye growth, the development of refractive error, and the treatment effect of myopia control interventions. Future studies of higher order aberrations, particularly during childhood, accommodation, and treatment with myopia control interventions are required to further our understanding of their potential role in refractive error development and eye growth.

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Section: Hoas and Myopia Control Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Z_{4}^{0}

), and corneal and ocular primary horizontal coma (

Z_{3}^{1}

). In addition, changes in corneal primary vertical coma (

Z_{3}^{- 1}

) have been reported .…”

Section: Hoas and Myopia Control Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher order aberrations, refractive error development and myopia control: a review

Hughes

Vincent

Read

et al. 2020

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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“…Previous studies have reported flattened corneal curvature, [2,3] reduced central corneal thickness (CCT), and increased thickness in the mid-peripheral cornea after orthokeratology. [4,5] There are also studies showing a thinned central epithelial layer [6,7] and thickened corneal stromal layer [8,9] after wearing orthokeratology lens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between corneal biomechanics and anterior segment parameters in the early stage of orthokeratology

et al. 2017

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To investigate the relationship between corneal biomechanics and anterior segment parameters in the early stage of overnight orthokeratology.Twenty-three eyes from 23 subjects were involved in the study. Corneal biomechanics, including corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF), and parameters of the anterior segment, including corneal curvature, central corneal thickness (CCT), and corneal sublayers’ thickness, were measured at baseline and day 1 and 7 after wearing orthokeratology lens. One-way analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to compare the longitudinal changes and partial least squares linear regression was used to explore the relationship between corneal biomechanics and anterior segment parameters.At baseline, CH and CRF were positively correlated with CCT (r = 0.244, P = .008 for CH; r = 0.249, P < .001 for CRF), central stroma thickness (CST) (r = 0.241, P = .008 for CH; r = 0.244, P = .002 for CRF) and central Bowman layer thickness (CBT) (r = 0.138, P = .039 for CH; r = 0.171, P = .006 for CRF). Both CH and CRF significantly decreased from day 1 after orthokeratology. The corneal curvature and the epithelium thickness also significantly decreased, while the stromal layer thickened significantly from day 1 after orthokeratology. There was no correlation between the changes of corneal biomechanics and anterior segment parameters at day 1 and 7 after orthokeratology.While corneal biomechanics were positively correlated with CCT, CST, and CBT, the changes of CH and CRF were not correlated with the changes of corneal curvature, CCT, and corneal sublayers’ thickness in the early stage of orthokeratology in our study.

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“…As the corneal shape is altered during orthokeratology treatment, both corneal and ocular aberrations, primarily spherical and comatic aberrations, significantly increase . Hiraoka et al investigated the correlations between ocular aberrations and axial elongation in 55 children (mean age: 10.3 ± 1.4 years) undergoing orthokeratology treatment for one year and showed that children with greater increases in the root‐mean‐square (RMS) error values for spherical, comatic, and total higher‐order aberrations (HOAs) exhibited slower axial eye growth.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of orthokeratology compression factor on ocular higher‐order aberrations

Lau

Vincent

Cheung

et al. 2020

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Background To investigate the influence of compression factor upon changes in ocular higher‐order aberrations (HOAs) in young myopic children undergoing orthokeratology treatment. Methods Subjects aged between six and < 11 years, with low myopia (0.50–4.00 D inclusive), low astigmatism (≤ 1.25 D), and anisometropia (≤ 1.00 D), were randomly assigned to wear orthokeratology lenses of different compression factors in each eye (one eye 0.75 D and the fellow eye 1.75 D). HOAs were measured weekly over one month of lens wear. Wavefront analysis was conducted over a 5‐mm pupil using a sixth order Zernike polynomial expansion. Linear mixed models were used to examine the individual Zernike co‐efficients and specific root‐mean‐square (RMS) error (spherical, comatic, total HOAs) metrics and their changes between the two eyes during the study period. Results Twenty‐eight myopic (mean manifest spherical equivalent refraction: −2.10 ± 0.58 D) children (median [range] age: 9.3 [7.8–11.0] years) were analysed. Significant interocular differences in HOAs at baseline were observed for Z6−6 and Z6−4 only (both p < 0.05). During the lens wear period, eyes fitted with the increased compression factor showed greater changes in primary spherical aberration (Z40, p = 0.04) and RMS values for spherical and total HOAs (both p < 0.01). Considering data from both eyes together, after adjusting for the paired nature of the data, some other Zernike terms (Z31 and Z60, both p < 0.01) and the RMS value of comatic aberrations (p < 0.001) significantly increased after one month of orthokeratology treatment. The increase in primary spherical aberration (Z40) was positively correlated with the reduction in spherical equivalent refractive error, but only in eyes fitted with the increased compression factor (r = 0.69, p < 0.001). Conclusions Increasing the orthokeratology compression factor by 1.00 D significantly altered some HOAs, particularly spherical aberration. Given the association between positive spherical aberration and eye growth in children, further research investigating the influence of orthokeratology compression factor on axial eye growth is warranted.

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Corneal Reshaping and Wavefront Aberrations During Overnight Orthokeratology

Abstract: Overnight OK caused unique changes in corneal thickness profiles at the vertical and horizontal meridians and increased corneal and ocular HOAs related to corneal reshaping.

Cited by 43 publications

References 37 publications

Higher order aberrations, refractive error development and myopia control: a review

Higher order aberrations, refractive error development and myopia control: a review

The relationship between corneal biomechanics and anterior segment parameters in the early stage of orthokeratology

The influence of orthokeratology compression factor on ocular higher‐order aberrations

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