Corneal stromal roughness after VisuMax and Intralase femtosecond laser photodisruption: An atomic force microscopy study

Gros-Otero, Juan; Ketabi, Samira; Cañones-Zafra, Rafael; García-González, Montserrat; Villa-Collar, César; Casado, Santos; Teus, Miguel A.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0252449

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

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Multiscale embedded printing of engineered human tissue and organ equivalents

Zhang,

Hua,

Mitchell

et al. 2024

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Creating tissue and organ equivalents with intricate architectures and multiscale functional feature sizes is the first step toward the reconstruction of transplantable human tissues and organs. Existing embedded ink writing approaches are limited by achievable feature sizes ranging from hundreds of microns to tens of millimeters, which hinders their ability to accurately duplicate structures found in various human tissues and organs. In this study, a multiscale embedded printing (MSEP) strategy is developed, in which a stimuli-responsive yield-stress fluid is applied to facilitate the printing process. A dynamic layer height control method is developed to print the cornea with a smooth surface on the order of microns, which can effectively overcome the layered morphology in conventional extrusion-based three-dimensional bioprinting methods. Since the support bath is sensitive to temperature change, it can be easily removed after printing by tuning the ambient temperature, which facilitates the fabrication of human eyeballs with optic nerves and aortic heart valves with overhanging leaflets on the order of a few millimeters. The thermosensitivity of the support bath also enables the reconstruction of the full-scale human heart on the order of tens of centimeters by on-demand adding support bath materials during printing. The proposed MSEP demonstrates broader printable functional feature sizes ranging from microns to centimeters, providing a viable and reliable technical solution for tissue and organ printing in the future.

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Multiscale embedded printing of engineered human tissue and organ equivalents

Zhang,

Hua,

Mitchell

et al. 2024

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy for characterization of interface surface roughness after ELITA femtosecond laser treatments

Minoguchi,

Teus,

2024

Preprint

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Purpose To characterize and compare the corneal interface surface roughness of the ELITA femtosecond laser flap and smooth incision lenticular keratomileusis (SILK) to iFS femtosecond laser flap with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Methods The iFS flap with 700 nJ pulse energy, ELITA flap with 50 nJ, and ELITA SILK with 50 nJ were performed on ex-vivo porcine eyes. After the femtosecond laser treatment and mechanical separation, the posterior surface of the laser treated interface was trephined, fixated, and dehydrated. The corneal interface surface roughness was assessed with AFM in contact mode in air. With AFM, 3 eyes were treated for each treatment method and 5 locations near the corneal center on each eye were evaluated with 20 µm x 20 µm scanning area per location and 512 x 512-pixel resolution. The root-mean-square (RMS) roughness for each treatment method were measured. With SEM, 1 eye was treated for each treatment method and representative images were taken with x100 and x250 magnification. Results The RMS roughness of iFS flap, ELITA flap, and ELITA SILK were 236 (mean) ± 64 nm (standard deviation), 114 ± 33 nm, and 203 ± 84 nm, respectively. ELITA flap interface surface roughness was significantly less than that of iFS flap (p < 0.000001) and ELITA SILK (p < 0.001). Conclusions ELITA flap produced a smoother corneal interface surface compared to the iFS flap and ELITA SILK, while the iFS flap and ELITA SILK produced similar corneal interface surface roughness.

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Corneal stromal roughness after VisuMax and Intralase femtosecond laser photodisruption: An atomic force microscopy study

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

Multiscale embedded printing of engineered human tissue and organ equivalents

Multiscale embedded printing of engineered human tissue and organ equivalents

Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy for characterization of interface surface roughness after ELITA femtosecond laser treatments

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