Corneal ulcer: A prospective clinical and microbiological study

Gandhi, Shashi; Shakya, Dipesh; Ranjan, K. P.; Bansal, Sonika

doi:10.5455/ijmsph.2014.030820142

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…As observed by Rajesh Kataria et al, [11] A Gupta et al, [13] Gandhi S et al, [17] in this study too, Aspergillus species infection was found to be the most common fungal aetiology followed by Fusarium species. But this is in discordance with records of Nath et al [8] and Tapan Gogoi et al [9] from Assam and Ranjini C Y et al [16] et al who found Fusarium species to be the most common fungal pathogen for corneal ulcers followed by Aspergillus.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…K Lakshmoji et al [15] found 74% prevalence of infected corneal ulcer in a study conducted in rural population of Andhra Pradesh. But in contrast, a lower prevalence of 37.5% culture positive corneal ulcer cases was found in Karnataka by Chittur Y Ranjini et al [16] In Central India, the prevalence found by Shashi Gandhi et al [17] from Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh was 55%. While in another study by Mehta et al [18] in Ujjain Madhya Pradesh, the prevalence of culture positive infected corneal ulcer was found 71.6%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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A Study on Microbial Profile of Corneal Ulcer Cases in a Tertiary Health Care Centre of Southern Assam

Bhattacharjee¹,

Chakravarty

2021

Int J Res Rev

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Background-Visual impairment due to corneal ulceration has for long been acknowledged as leading cause of blindness both worldwide and in India only next to Cataract. The aetiology for infective corneal ulcer varies considerably with occupation of patients in different regions of India. Thus, continuing with empirical management without lab diagnosis leads to protracted clinical course. So, understanding the microbial profile of corneal ulcers in agriculture dependent population of Southern Assam helps in improved management of this morbidity. Aims- To 1) Find the prevalence of infected corneal ulcers in untreated patients attending Ophthalmology department of a tertiary care hospital of Southern Assam. 2) Study the pattern of microbial aetiology in the infected corneal ulcer cases. 3) Find the association of infected corneal ulcers with various attributing factors. Method-Corneal scrapings from 86 routine untreated cases of corneal ulceration from Ophthalmology Department were studied prospectively from Dec2017 to Jan2019 and subjected to Gram staining and direct examination with 10%KOH. Culture on SDA and Blood Agar were incubated at 25°C and 37°C respectively and followed up for 3 weeks before declaring sterile. Antimicrobial sensitivity was performed for bacterial isolate and yeast-like species. Slide culture and LPCB tease mount were done for identification of moulds. Result- Out of the 86 cases, 58 were positive in direct microscopy, of which 44 were culture positive. Of the 28 samples negative in direct microscopy, 2 were positive by Culture. Bacterial isolates were found in 5 cases and fungal aetiology in 41 cases. Conclusion- The prevalence of infected corneal ulcer as per standard of Culture positivity is 53.5% (46/86). Mycotic involvement was found in 90% cases. Important fungal isolates identified were Aspergillus species, Penicillium species, Curvularia species, Fusarium species, Sarocladium species. Higher prevalence was significantly associated with harvesting season, agricultural practice and history of trauma while diabetes and steroid intake were not significantly associated with mycotic ulcers. Keywords: Corneal ulcer, Assam, Fungal, Fusarium, Sarocladium, Pseudomonas.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

A Study on Microbial Profile of Corneal Ulcer Cases in a Tertiary Health Care Centre of Southern Assam

Bhattacharjee¹,

Chakravarty

2021

Int J Res Rev

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“…Early investigations of the OSM relied on culture media; however, traditional culture reveals bacterial growth in only approximately 50% of cases. 6 – 12 The reason for this low yield may be attributable to the paucibacterial nature of the ocular surface that is more tightly controlled compared to other mucosa, such as the gastrointestinal tract. 13 The difficulty in revealing a culturable microbiome may also be due to an inability of culture techniques to provide a suitable substrate or a lack of a complex network of bacterial messaging to facilitate growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and Comparison of the Ocular Surface Microbiome in Infants and Older Children

Cavuoto

Banerjee

Miller

et al. 2018

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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PurposeUnlike other microbiomes of the body, the composition of the ocular surface microbiome (OSM) in children has yet to be thoroughly explored. Our goal was to evaluate the OSM in young infants and compare its composition to older children using both culture dependent and independent methodologies to assess for differences with age.MethodsProspective, observational, cross-sectional study of children <18 years of age at a university-based institution. The mucosal surfaces of both eyes, nose and throat were swabbed with a forensic-quality swab. Half of the swab was plated for culture and the other half underwent 16S sequencing. Culture results and microbiome diversity were analyzed.ResultsFifty patients (mean age 37 months, range 1–168 months) were enrolled. Forty-seven eyes of 30 patients had positive cultures; four eyes grew >1 species. Culture positive patients were older (43 vs. 29 months, P = 0.19). Additionally, older children had greater diversity than children under 6 months of age by 16S sequencing (P = 0.05). Staphylococcus species were predominant by culture (35/52 isolates) and by 16S sequencing. The OSM was fairly similar to the nose microbiome, whereas the throat microbiome differed significantly and had a higher abundance of Streptococcaceae (P = 0.001).ConclusionsThe OSM is predominantly composed of Staphylococcus species in children, as demonstrated by both culture dependent and culture independent methods. Older children were more likely to have growth on culture and have more a complex bacterial milieu with 16S sequencing.Translational Relevance16S sequencing provides more robust information regarding the composition of the microbiomes than culture dependent methods.

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“…9,[15][16][17][18] Other identified risk factors include age (trauma being common in the lower age groups versus ocular surface diseases in older folk), gender (males engaging more in outdoor activities than females) and poverty (MK mostly is more prevalent in among the poor). [11][12][13] Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has been the most commonly reported systemic risk factor, especially following keratoplasty or corneal trauma. [19][20][21] In the few studies from SSA on the risk factors for MK, suggested factors include trauma and use of TEM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 In addition, agricultural work and foreign body in the eye have been implicated. 11 , 13 , 14 Risk factors that are more setting specific include the use of contact lenses, which affects more people in high-income countries as opposed to the use of traditional eye medicines (TEM), which is more of a problem in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC). 9 , 15 – 18 Other identified risk factors include age (trauma being common in the lower age groups versus ocular surface diseases in older folk), gender (males engaging more in outdoor activities than females) and poverty (MK mostly is more prevalent in among the poor).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors of Microbial Keratitis in Uganda: A Case Control Study

Arunga

Kintoki

Gichuhi

et al. 2019

Ophthalmic Epidemiology

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Purpose: Microbial keratitis (MK), is a frequent cause of sight loss worldwide, particularly in low and middle-income countries. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors of MK in Uganda. Methods: Using a nested case control, we recruited healthy community controls for patients presenting with MK at the two main eye units in Southern Uganda between December 2016 and March 2018. Controls were individually matched for age, gender and village of the cases on a 1:1 ratio. We collected information on demographics, occupation, HIV and Diabetes Mellitus status. In STATA version 14.1, multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to generate odds ratios for risk factors of MK and a likelihood ratio test used to assess statistical significance of associations. Results: Two hundred and fifteen case-control pairs were enrolled. The HIV positive patients among the cases was 9% versus 1% among the controls, p = .0003. Diabetes 7% among the cases versus 1.4% among the controls, p = .012. Eye trauma was 29% versus 0% among the cases and controls. In the multivariable model adjusted for age, sex and village, HIV (OR 83.5, 95%CI 2.01-3456, p = .020), Diabetes (OR 9.38, 95% CI 1.48-59.3, p = .017) and a farming occupation (OR 2.60, 95%CI 1.21-5.57, p = .014) were associated with MK. Compared to a low socioeconomic status, a middle status was less likely to be associated with MK (OR 0.29, 95%CI 0.09-0.89, p < .0001). Conclusion: MK was associated with HIV, Diabetes, being poor and farming as the main occupation. More studies are needed to explore how these factors predispose to MK.

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Corneal ulcer: A prospective clinical and microbiological study

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

A Study on Microbial Profile of Corneal Ulcer Cases in a Tertiary Health Care Centre of Southern Assam

A Study on Microbial Profile of Corneal Ulcer Cases in a Tertiary Health Care Centre of Southern Assam

Composition and Comparison of the Ocular Surface Microbiome in Infants and Older Children

Risk Factors of Microbial Keratitis in Uganda: A Case Control Study

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