Coronavirus disease-2019 and its current scenario – A review

Bhat, Showkat Ahmad; Singh, Girraj; Bhat, Waseem F; Khan, Ashraf; Azad, Tariq Parvez

doi:10.1016/j.ceh.2021.09.002

Cited by 5 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Moreover, NAC could serve as a promising supplementary therapeutic option for COVID-19, taking into account patient conditions, indications, and contraindications. 5,[32][33][34] Oral NAC could potentially serve as a preventive or treatment option for disease-related outcomes in stable patients who are not experiencing sepsis and are not reliant on intubation. Intravenous (IV) administration of NAC has shown promise in moderate-to-severe cases of COVID-19, particularly among individuals admitted to the ICU with complications like end-organ failure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous reports have highlighted the effectiveness of NAC in managing cytokine storms, alleviating dyspnea, and addressing ARDS associated with COVID-19. 5 The utilization of NAC through different administration routes is contingent upon the specific context. At present, drawing from studies with robust evidence, it can be deduced that NAC's efficacy is particularly notable in stable patients when administered at the standard dose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies have discussed the potential beneficial effects of NAC as a versatile drug in managing COVID-19 and its associated complications. 5 Furthermore, several primary investigations encompassing case reports, case series, and clinical trials have directed their attention towards the utilization of NAC in the therapeutic approach and care of patients afflicted with COVID-19, along with its accompanying complications. These complications encompass endorgan failure, particularly instances of acute liver failure stemming from factors such as remdesivir-induced liver dysfunction, heightened liver enzyme levels, and occurrences of intrahepatic hemorrhage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 Many of the immune modulators have immunosuppressive properties that may not work properly in viral disorders. 5 NAC is one of the few immune modulators without immunosuppressive properties. 31 However, all the articles suggesting the use of NAC in the treatment of COVID-19 recommend further well-designed randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs).…”

Section: A Gap Of Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of oral N‐acetylcysteine in patients with COVID‐19 receiving the routine antiviral and hydroxychloroquine protocol: A randomized controlled clinical trial

Atefi,

Goodarzi,

Riahi

et al. 2023

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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BackgroundThe current absence of gold‐standard or all‐aspect favorable therapies for COVID‐19 renders a focus on multipotential drugs proposed to prevent or treat this infection or ameliorate its signs and symptoms vitally important. The present well‐designed randomized controlled trial (RCT) sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) as adjuvant therapy for 60 hospitalized Iranian patients with COVID‐19.MethodsTwo 30‐person diets, comprising 15 single diets of Kaletra (lopinavir/ritonavir) + hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) with/without NAC (600 mg TDS) and atazanavir/ritonavir + HCQ with/without NAC (600 mg TDS), were administered in the study.ResultsAt the end of the study, a further decrease in C‐reactive protein was observed in the NAC group (P = 0.008), and no death occurred in the atazanavir/ritonavir + HCQ + NAC group, showing that the combination of these drugs may reduce mortality. The atazanavir/ritonavir + HCQ and atazanavir/ritonavir + NAC groups exhibited the highest O2 saturation at the end of the study and a significant rise in O2 saturation following intervention commencement, including NAC (P > 0.05). Accordingly, oral or intravenous NAC, if indicated, may enhance O2 saturation, blunt the inflammation trend (by reducing C‐reactive protein), and lower mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID‐19.ConclusionThe NAC could be more effective as prophylactic or adjuvant therapy in stable non‐severe cases of COVID‐19 with a particularly positive role in the augmentation of O2 saturation and faster reduction of the CRP level and inflammation or could be effective for better controlling of COVID‐19 or its therapy‐related side effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Gap Of Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of oral N‐acetylcysteine in patients with COVID‐19 receiving the routine antiviral and hydroxychloroquine protocol: A randomized controlled clinical trial

Atefi,

Goodarzi,

Riahi

et al. 2023

Immunity Inflam & Disease

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Despite the predominance of modest clinical symptoms associated with human coronavirus infections [5], recent research has revealed that two separate strains of the beta coronavirus family have been implicated in over 10,000 cases over the last two decades [6,7]. The strains, known as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), are extremely fatal, with mortality rates of 10% and 37%, respectively [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Coping Strategies for COVID-19 Vaccine Anxiety: The Efficacy of a Mobile Phone App-Assisted Educational Intervention

Ghozali

Islamy

Hidayaturrohim

2023

Preprint

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Effective dissemination of information to the public is critical in managing anxiety associated with pandemics and vaccination programs. It implies that healthcare professionals, particularly pharmacists, are primarily responsible for providing precise and reliable information to reduce anxiety. This study aimed to quantify the prevalence of anxiety associated with the COVID-19 vaccine in Indonesia and to test the efficacy of a mobile phone app-based educational intervention in alleviating this specific type of distress. The study used a pre-experimental research design using a one-group pre-test–post-test structure to collect and analyze data. The study was conducted in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from March to August 2021. According to a descriptive analysis of the pre-intervention data, most participants (n = 268; 56.90%) reported “mild to moderate” concern over the COVID-19 vaccine. However, post-intervention data revealed a significant drop in anxiety levels. Only 36.30% (n = 171) of participants reported “mild to moderate” anxiety, while 27.39% (n = 129) reported “moderate to severe” anxiety. The statistical study, carried out using the Wilcoxon method of hypothesis testing, produced a significant result with a p-value of 0.001, which was much below the usually recognized significance criterion of 0.050. These findings concluded that a mobile phone app-assisted patient education intervention can effectively reduce the HARS questionnaire’s scores among Indonesians. As a recommendation, this study advocates for incorporating a mobile phone app as part of the complete educational infrastructure, since it can serve as an important aid in reducing anxiety associated with COVID-19 vaccines.

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