“…Although Dircom’s studies refer only to large companies, there are few studies that have addressed the reality of communication in smaller companies in Spain ( Blay Arráez, 2010; Carretón Ballester, 2010; Carrillo et al, 2005; García Orosa, 2005; Gómez Nieto, 2011; Marín Dueñas, 2016; Sainz de Vicuña, 2009). Similar studies on communication in small and medium enterprises have been undertaken in other European countries such as Italy (Palazzo et al, 2017), Germany (Zerfass and Winkler, 2016), Switzerland (Einwiller and Boenigk, 2012), England (Jackson and Moloney, 2019; Moss et al, 2003), or in an overall context (Iurcovich, 2012; O’Connor et al, 2017).…”