Corpus Uteri Cancer in Kazakhstan: Recent Incidence Trends

Abstract

Background: Endometrial cancer is the fifteenth most common malignant disease in the world. It is estimated that 417,367 new cases of this malignant neoplasm are diagnosed annually and 97,370 women die from it. Objective: The epidemiological features of the corpus uteri cancer (CUC) incidence and its spatial and temporal assessment in Kazakhstan were studied. Methods: The retrospective study was done for the period 2009-2018. Descriptive and analytical methods of epidemiology were used. Crude, age-specific, age-standardized, equalized incidence rates and approximation were calculated. The method of drawing up a cartogram based on the determination of the standard deviation (σ) from the mean (x) was applied. Result: During the study period, 10,522 new cases of CUC were registered. The average annual age-standardized incidence rate was 11.1±0.2 cases per 100,000 population of female, (Т=+0.6%; R2=0.083). The analysis of ASIR showed unimodal growth with a peak at 65-69 years -58.8±3.6 cases per 100,000 population of female. The most pronounced downward trend was revealed in the age group < 30 years (T=−2.6%), and the most pronounced annual average upward rates was in 80-84 years (T=+6.4%). The results of the spatial analysis showed regions with a higher levels of CUC incidence rate per 100,000 population of female: Pavlodar, Kostanay, Karaganda, Almaty city, North Kazakhstan and Astana city. Conclusion: In recent years, CUC incidence in Kazakhstan has been increasing. High incidence rates were found in the northern regions of the country, and the trend of incidence growth was more pronounced in the western and eastern regions.