Correction: Large-scale molecular phylogeny, morphology, divergence-time estimation, and the fossil record of advanced caenophidian snakes (Squamata: Serpentes)

Zaher, Hussam; Murphy, Robert W.; Arredondo, Juan Camilo; Graboski, Roberta; Machado-Filho, Paulo Roberto; Mahlow, Kristin; Montingelli, Giovanna G.; Quadros, Ana Bottallo de Aguiar; Orlov, Nikolai L.; Wilkinson, Mark; Zhang, Yaping; Grazziotin, Felipe G.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0217959

Cited by 30 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…Aside from the addition of L. obscuriventris, the phylogenetic reconstruction of Lycodonomorphus yielded identical topological structuring when compared to past publications (Kelly et al 2011;Vidal et al 2008;Zaher et al 2019). Whilst only a single sample was available, the strong phylogenetic support (ML and BI) coupled with the divergent pairwise distance values separating L. obscuriventris from its congeners ratified the assertions of Broadley (1995) that the species is valid.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…The phylogenetic work that has included Lycodonomorphus spp. mainly focussed on the higher-level taxonomy (Pyron, Burbrink & Wiens 2013;Vidal et al 2008;Zaher et al 2019) and other closely related genera within Lamprophiidae such as Lamprophis, Boaedon and file snakes (Branch et al 2019;Broadley et al 2018;Ceríaco et al 2021;Greenbaum et al 2015;Hallermann et al 2020;Keates et al 2019;Kelly et al 2008Kelly et al , 2011. Only limited representative sampling has been used for members of Lycodonomorphus, meaning only four of the nine species have been sequenced.…”

Section: Aim and Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenetic placement of the enigmatic Floodplain water snake, Lycodonomorphus obscuriventris FitzSimons, 1964

Keates

Conradie

Dalu³

et al. 2022

Koedoe

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Lycodonomorphus is a genus of lamprophiid water snake endemic in Africa. Although widespread, abundant and presumably an important component of many aquatic and semi-aquatic food webs, these snakes are poorly understood taxonomically, particularly from a phylogenetic perspective. With only four of the nine species currently sequenced, this study attempts to improve our understanding of the evolutionary relationships within the genus through the phylogenetic placement of one of the most elusive species, Lycodonomorphus obscuriventris. Collected in the Ramsar declared Makuleke Wetlands in northern Kruger National Park (South Africa), the sample used in this study not only yielded the first DNA sequences for the taxon but also represented the most northerly South African record, bridging the gap between the southern and northern populations. The snake was sequenced for three partial mitochondrial genes (16S, Cyt-b, ND4) and one partial nuclear gene (c-mos) and phylogenetically placed, relative to the rest of the genus, using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI). Sequence divergences between sister taxa were also estimated using pairwise distance analysis. The concatenated phylogenetic reconstruction yielded similar topological structuring when compared to phylogenies from past articles, with both the ML and BI algorithms recovering strong support for L. obscuriventris as sister to a clade comprising of L. whytii + L. laevissimus + L. rufulus. The phylogenetic placement, albeit based on a single sample, challenges the original placement (morphological) of L. obscuriventris as sub-specific within L. whytii, suggesting that multiple species concepts should be considered when delineating species within this group.Conservation implications: Prior to the discovery of the new record, the global distribution of L. obscuriventris was characterised by two disjunct populations. The new record bridges the distribution gap between these two populations, rendering the distribution continuous. This bodes well for the species as there is likely no barrier to gene flow, thereby buffering the species from localised threats given the more expansive distribution. Furthermore, given that the specimen was sampled from the Kruger National Park, the species is likely to be well-protected as much of its distribution within South Africa seems to fall within protected areas.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Aim and Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic placement of the enigmatic Floodplain water snake, Lycodonomorphus obscuriventris FitzSimons, 1964

Keates

Conradie

Dalu³

et al. 2022

Koedoe

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“…There is strong evidence that early evolution of pitvipers occurred in Asia during the Eocene and that they reached the Americas through a single colonization event via the Bering land bridge in the Oligocene/Miocene (Parkinson, 1999;Parkinson et al, 2002;W€ uster et al, 2002, 2008Alencar et al, 2016). The hypothesis of a single colonization event is supported by the monophyly of New World pitvipers, shown repeatedly in phylogenetic analyses (Kraus et al, 1996;Vidal et al, 1997Vidal et al, , 1999Vidal and Lecointre, 1998;Parkinson, 1999;Parkinson et al, 2002;W€ uster et al, 2002, 2008Malhotra et al, 2010;Fenwick, 2012;Fenwick et al, 2012;Pyron et al, 2013;Alencar et al, 2016;Figueroa et al, 2016;Zaher et al, 2019). Subsequent to this colonization event, pitvipers would have undergone rapid adaptive radiation (Martins et al, 2001;Gutberlet Jr and Harvey, 2002;Martins et al, 2002;W€ uster et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Total‐evidence phylogeny and evolutionary morphology of New World pitvipers (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae)

et al. 2023

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Crotalines (pitvipers) in the Americas are distributed from southern Canada to southern Argentina, and are represented by 13 genera and 163 species that constitute a monophyletic group. Their phylogenetic relationships have been assessed mostly based on DNA sequences, while morphological data have scarcely been used for phylogenetic inquiry. We present a total‐evidence phylogeny of New World pitvipers, the most taxon/character comprehensive phylogeny to date. Our analysis includes all genera, morphological data from external morphology, cranial osteology and hemipenial morphology, and DNA sequences from mitochondrial and nuclear genes. We performed analyses with parsimony as an optimality criterion, using different schemes for character weighting. We evaluated the contribution of the different sources of characters to the phylogeny through analyses of reduced datasets and calculation of weighted homoplasy and retention indexes. We performed a morphological character analysis to identify synapomorphies for the main clades. In terms of biogeography, our results support a single colonization event of the Americas by pitvipers, and a cladogenetic event into a Neotropical clade and a North American/Neotropical clade. The results also shed light on the previously unstable position of some taxa, although they could not sufficiently resolve the position of Bothrops lojanus, which may lead to the paraphyly of either Bothrops or Bothrocophias. The morphological character analyses demonstrated that an important phylogenetic signal is contained in characters related to head scalation, the jaws and the dorsum of the skull, and allowed us to detect morphological convergences in external morphology associated with arboreality.

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“…The common ancestor of Lachesis appeared around 7 mya, while the Centroamerican clade (L. melanocephala + L. stenophrys) diverged about 3 mya and the South American clade (L. acrochorda + L. muta) about 1 mya, suggesting a Mesoamerican origin of the genus, contrary to the idea that Lachesis had a South American origin (Ripa 1999). Unfortunately, neither Alencar et al (2016) nor Zaher et al (2019) examined specimens from the Brazilian Atlantic forest; consequently, the synonymy of Fernandes et al (2004) must still be tested.…”

Section: Reptiles and Amphibians C O N S E R V At I O N A N D N At U R A L H I S T O R Ymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the most recent genetic phylogenies of the Viperidae (Alencar et al 2016;Zaher et al 2019), Lachesis appeared as basal in the subclade Lachesis + Ophryacus + Mixcoatlus + Bothriechis and sister to the subclade Agkistrodon + Sistrurus + Crotalus in the subfamily Crotalinae). The common ancestor of Lachesis appeared around 7 mya, while the Centroamerican clade (L. melanocephala + L. stenophrys) diverged about 3 mya and the South American clade (L. acrochorda + L. muta) about 1 mya, suggesting a Mesoamerican origin of the genus, contrary to the idea that Lachesis had a South American origin (Ripa 1999).…”

Section: Reptiles and Amphibians C O N S E R V At I O N A N D N At U R A L H I S T O R Ymentioning

confidence: 99%

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2020

RandA

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S nakes have fascinated and inspired fear since ancestral primates first encountered ophidian predators (Isbell 2006), and the venomous species are arguably the most intriguing of all. Inhabiting the last remnants of primary rainforests from Nicaragua to Bolivia, the magnificent bushmasters (Lachesis spp.) incite mystery and lore while much remains unknown about their natural history. Bushmasters, Lachesis Daudin 1803With total lengths that can exceed 3 m, bushmasters are the largest vipers in the world and the longest venomous snakes in the Americas. In cross-section, the body can be rounded or triangular and relatively compressed latrerally. The skin is coarsely rough, with dorsal scales bearing extended knoblike

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Correction: Large-scale molecular phylogeny, morphology, divergence-time estimation, and the fossil record of advanced caenophidian snakes (Squamata: Serpentes)

Cited by 30 publications

References 1 publication

Phylogenetic placement of the enigmatic Floodplain water snake, Lycodonomorphus obscuriventris FitzSimons, 1964

Phylogenetic placement of the enigmatic Floodplain water snake, Lycodonomorphus obscuriventris FitzSimons, 1964

Total‐evidence phylogeny and evolutionary morphology of New World pitvipers (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae)

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