Correction: Parasite Prevalence Corresponds to Host Life History in a Diverse Assemblage of Afrotropical Birds and Haemosporidian Parasites

Lutz, Holly L.; Hochachka, Wesley M.; Engel, Joshua I.; Bell, Jeffrey A.; Tkach, Vasyl V.; Bates, John M.; Hackett, Shannon J.; Weckstein, Jason D.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0128851

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…To control for any taxonomic dependency in the data, we first tested the significance of three nested random effects, i.e., family, genus nested in family, and species nested in genus nested in family. This approach allows accounting for statistical non-independence in the data owing to shared life history and identifying the taxonomic level at which these unexplained effects might occur (Lutz et al 2015;Bridge et al 2016). As both seed bank type and density are known to vary considerably across habitat types (Fenner and Thompson 2005), we also included species nested in habitat as a potential random factor.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of the soil seed bank of invasive and non-invasive plants in their native and alien distribution range

et al. 2019

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The ability to form persistent seed banks might contribute substantially to determine the invasion potential of alien plants in their new distribution ranges, given the role of seed banks as sources of propagules, genetic diversity, and in spreading the risk of germination failure over time. Using the largest seed bank dataset collated to date, comprising 14,293 records for 2566 species, we examined whether the type (transient vs persistent) and density of the seed banks of invasive species differ in their native (home) and alien (abroad) range, and whether these attributes differ among invasive and non-invasive congeners, at home and abroad. A lower probability of forming a persistent seed bank in the alien range was identified when analyzing data for 140 invasive species, although phylogenetic analyses run for 104 of those species did not confirm such differences. However, invasive woody species formed denser seed banks in the alien range, suggesting greater seed production and/or lower seed predation or mortality in the alien than native range. Interestingly, invasive species consistently showed a higher probability of forming persistent seed banks as well as denser seed banks than their non-invasive congeners in their native range, but not in their alien range. These findings provide the first quantitative evidence, based on a large number of species globally, of preadaptation with respect to species life-history traits resulting in the formation of a persistent seed bank in invasive species compared to their non-invasive congeners. The fact that both invasive and non-invasive congeners have similar probabilities of forming persistent seed banks abroad suggests that this might be an important attribute for the establishment of alien species in new ranges (naturalization phase), but not for their spread (invasion phase). Our findings also indicate that the characteristics of native seed banks should be an important component of risk assessments aimed at identifying species that are more likely to become invasive if introduced in new ranges.

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Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The functions lmer and glmer in the R package lme4 (Version 1. 1-13;Bates et al 2015) were used to fit LMMs and GLMMs while the lmerTest package was used to test for the significance of fixed and random effects (Kuznetsova et al 2016).…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of the soil seed bank of invasive and non-invasive plants in their native and alien distribution range

et al. 2019

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“…Recent studies have shown in regions with high avian diversity and in specific host populations [48], the Leucocytozoon diversity would be high[49] accessibility of a screening method that can amplify all three genera can serve up in understanding the accurate diversity and ecology of all three genera of avian haemosporidian parasites. Since now, the only screening process that could distinguish all three genera in a single method were microscopy and the restriction digestion protocol of Beadell & Fleischer [50], but both take drastically more time than the real-time PCR and nested PCR protocols.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemosporidian Blood Parasites in nestling birds of prey in Mongolia

Attaran

Luo

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Haemosporidians are vector-transmitted intracellular parasites that happen in numerous bird species worldwide and may possibly have important effects for wild bird populations. Studies of haemosporidians most dedicated on Europe and North America, and only newly some study in the Neotropics has been done, where the occurrence and influences of the disease have been less considered and are not understood well. In this study we designed a study in the nestling birds of prey in Mongolia. We sampled blood from 72 raptors at 2 different species and evaluated avian haemosporidian infection by two nested PCR protocol and one Real time PCR protocol. Sequencing a portion of the cytochrome b (cyt b) gene of the parasite. From the sampled birds, 10 % were infected by Plasmodium. Inclusive, our findings advocate a high haemosporidian species richness in the bird community of Mongolia. In view of the frequency of local habitat loss that in this area is living, recognize how avian haemosporidians affect bird populations it is very important; in addition, more exhaustive sampling is required to fully understand the range of avian haemosporidian infection in this area.

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“…Such differences among the bird taxa are difficult to explain. In some cases, they can correlate with different capacities of the host immunity to defend itself against specific parasite infections [ 10 , 11 ] or with the ecology, habitat preferences and behaviour of the hosts [ 12 – 14 ]. According to studies on different corvid species, such as crows, magpies and jays, the avian family of Corvidae seems to harbour a great amount of haemosporidian parasites [ 15 – 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood parasite infections in a wild population of ravens (Corvus corax) in Bulgaria

Shurulinkov

Spasov

Stoyanov

et al. 2018

Malar J

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BackgroundBlood parasites have been studied intensely in many families of avian hosts, but corvids, a particularly cosmopolitan family, remain underexplored. Haemosporidian parasites of the common raven (Corvus corax) have not been studied, although it is the largest, most adaptable, and widespread corvid. Genetic sequence data from parasites of ravens can enhance the understanding of speciation patterns and specificity of haemosporidian parasites in corvids, and shed light how these hosts cope with parasite pressure.MethodsA baited cage trap was used to catch 86 ravens and a nested PCR protocol was used to amplify a 479 bp fragment of the haemosporidian cytochrome b gene from the samples. The obtained sequences were compared with the MalAvi database of all published haemosporidian lineages and a phylogenetic tree including all detected raven parasites was constructed. An examination of blood smears was performed for assessment of infection intensity.ResultsTwenty blood parasite lineages were recovered from ravens caught in a wild population in Bulgaria. The prevalence of generalist Plasmodium lineages was 49%, and the prevalence of Leucocytozoon lineages was 31%. Out of 13 detected Leucocytozoon lineages six were known from different corvids, while seven others seem to be specific to ravens. A phylogenetic reconstruction suggests that Leucocytozoon lineages of ravens and other corvids are not monophyletic, with some groups appearing closely related to parasites of other host families.ConclusionsSeveral different, morphologically cryptic groups of Leucocytozoon parasites appear to infect corvids. Ravens harbour both generalist corvid Leucocytozoon as well as apparently species-specific lineages. The extraordinary breeding ecology and scavenging lifestyle possibly allow ravens to evade vectors and have relatively low blood parasite prevalence compared to other corvids.

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Correction: Parasite Prevalence Corresponds to Host Life History in a Diverse Assemblage of Afrotropical Birds and Haemosporidian Parasites

Cited by 14 publications

References 1 publication

Characteristics of the soil seed bank of invasive and non-invasive plants in their native and alien distribution range

Characteristics of the soil seed bank of invasive and non-invasive plants in their native and alien distribution range

Haemosporidian Blood Parasites in nestling birds of prey in Mongolia

Blood parasite infections in a wild population of ravens (Corvus corax) in Bulgaria

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