Correlates of Authoritarian Parenting in Individualist and Collectivist Cultures and Implications for Understanding the Transmission of Values

Abstract

Mothers and children between the ages of 7 and 12, from individualist (Western European) and collectivist (Egyptian, Iranian, Indian, and Pakistani) backgrounds, completed assessments of children's self-esteem, maternal authoritarianism, and mothers' thoughts and feelings about their children. Collectivist mothers endorsed authoritarian parenting more than did individualist mothers but did not feel or think more negatively about their children, and collectivist children were not lower in self-esteem. Within both groups, maternal negative affect and cognition were associated with lower self-esteem in children. However, maternal authoritarianism was associated with maternal negative emotion and cognition only in the individualist group. The results suggest that maternal negative thoughts and feelings, associated with authoritarianism in individualist but not collectivist groups, may be more detrimental to children's self-esteem than is authoritarianism in and of itself.

Intergenerational family ties and the diffusion of cohabitation in Italy

“…Compared to the international standard version of the database, the Italian version contains more variables of interest to the Italian context. In contrast [is] characterized by firm control, high demands for maturity, and a willingness to reason and negotiate [...]" (Rudy and Grusec 2001). 7 It is worth mentioning, however, that in Sweden, cohabitation started to spread in the 1960s among women with a working-class background and much less so among the daughters of the mid-level salaried employees (Bernhardt and Hoem 1985).…”

First-Generation Korean-American Parents' Perceptions of Discipline

“…Kim & Choi, 1994;Rudy & Grusec, 2001). American parents encourage less interdependence in their children than do parents who have migrated from a collectivistic culture (Howard, 1996;Phinney, Ong, & Madden, 2000) such as Korea.…”

“…Korean culture is viewed as a collectivistic culture, which is quite different from the individualistic culture commonly found in the United States (Hofstede, 1980). In collectivistic cultures, parents socialize children to be interdependent, whereas parents in individualistic culture socialize children to be independent (Howard, 1996; E. Kim, 2003;Pettengill & Rohner, 1985;Rudy & Grusec, 2001). These divergent cultural backgrounds may shape different perceptions of acceptable discipline styles between Korean American parents and European American parents.…”

Parenting and Adolescents’ Self-esteem: The Portuguese Context // Parentalidad y autoestima en la adolescencia: El contexto portugués

“…In the horizontal collectivist cultures the egalitarian relations are emphasized and more attention is placed on the use of warmth, acceptance, and involvement in children' socialization. Moreover, in these cultures strictness and impositions in the socialization practices, seems to be perceived in a negative way (Garcia & Gracia, 2009;Kazemi et al, 2010;Martínez & García, 2008;Rudy & Grusec, 2001).…”