Correlating a measure of sustained attention with a multi-dimensional measure of schizotypal traits

Rawlings, David; Goldberg, Michelle M.

doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(00)00147-1

Cited by 36 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Table 1 presents the means, the standard deviations, and the intercorrelations between the O-LIFE scales, and the number of correct and incorrect responses. The means and the standard deviations for the O-LIFE scales were similar to those reported in the original study (Mason et al, 1995), as well as those reported in later studies (e.g., Rawlings & Goldberg, 2001;Tsakanikos & Reed, 2003). In addition, the obtained inter-correlations between the O-LIFE scales were consistent with similar results in previous studies.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 90%

Logical reasoning in schizotypal personality

Tsakanikos

2004

Personality and Individual Differences

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It was examined whether psychotic-like personality traits in a sample of 205 college students could predict logical reasoning deficits, akin to those seen in schizophrenia. The participants were tested on their ability to assess the logical validity of premises (Logical Reasoning Task), and completed a multi-dimensional schizotypy inventory (O-LIFE). Low accuracy was associated with increased levels of disorganized schizotypy ('Cognitive Disorganization'), while elevated errors were associated with increased levels of positive ('Unusual Experiences'), negative ('Introvertive Anhedonia') and impulsive ('Impulsivity Non-conformity') schizotypy. Nevertheless, multiple regression analyses revealed that negative schizotypy was retained as the only significant predictor after performance was corrected for random guessing, and the contribution of the average amount of time spent on each premise was controlled. The results suggest that, although most schizotypy dimensions have a detrimental effect on reasoning performance, possibly due to disadvantageous test-taking strategies, negative schizotypy is the most reliable predictor of logical reasoning deficits. It is proposed that social/interpersonal schizotypal traits, like negative symptoms of schizophrenia, are accompanied by deficient executive functions of working memory, which appear to undermine, inter alia, logical reasoning processing.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 90%

Logical reasoning in schizotypal personality

Tsakanikos

2004

Personality and Individual Differences

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“…The means and the standard deviations were quite similar to those reported in the original study on the development of the scales (Mason et al, 1995), as well as those reported in later studies (Rawlings & Goldberg, 2001). In terms of the inter-correlations, the overall pattern was consistent with that obtained in the previous studies.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Healthy participants scoring highly on each of these two scales typically demonstrate the same pattern of neuro-cognitive deficits as the schizophrenic patients, with pronounced positive or disorganized symptomatology (e.g., Burch et al, 1998;Goodarzi et al, 2000;Rawlings & Goldberg, 2001). Therefore, the absence of an impaired performance on the Hidden Figures Test for participants who scored high on 'Unusual Experiences' and 'Cognitive Disorganisation', can reinforce further the idea that the observed impairment on the Hidden Figures Test is specific to the negative aspect of schizotypy, and possibly to negative symptomatology of schizophrenia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fourth dimension ('Impulsivity Nonconformity') refers to the impulsive, aggressive and asocial aspects of psychosis, and is largely based on Eysenck's Psychoticism scale (Eysenck & Eysenck, 1975). Contributing to the experimental validity of this schizotypy inventory, various studies have confirmed that high schizotypy scorers, as identified by the O-LIFE sub-scales, demonstrate the same neuro-cognitive deficits as the schizophrenic patients (e.g., Burch, Steel & Hemsley, 1998;Goodarzi, Wykes & Hemsley, 2000;Rawlings & Goldberg, 2001).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Visuo-spatial processing and dimensions of schizotypy: figure-ground segregation as a function of psychotic-like features

Tsakanikos

Reed

2003

Personality and Individual Differences

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“…Indeed, the dimensions of schizotypy and schizophrenia are very similar (for a review, see Vollema & van den Bosch, 1995). More crucially, however, is that the processing dysfunctions in schizotypy parallel those found in schizophrenia with regard to cognitive (Poreh et al, 1995), neuro-cognitive (Rawlings & Goldberg, 2001), and psychophysiological (O'Driscoll et al, 1998) domains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Distractibility in Schizotypy: Independent of Individual Differences in Working Memory Capacity?

Marsh

Vachon

Sörqvist

2017

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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Individuals with schizophrenia typically show increased levels of distractibility. This has been attributed to impaired working memory capacity (WMC), since lower WMC is typically associated with higher distractibility and schizophrenia is typically associated with impoverished WMC. Here, participants performed verbal and spatial serial recall tasks that were accompanied by to-be-ignored speech tokens. For the few trials wherein one speech token was replaced with a different token, impairment was produced to task scores (a deviation effect). Participants subsequently completed a schizotypy questionnaire and a WMC measure. Higher schizotypy scores were associated with lower WMC (as measured with operation span [OSPAN]), but WMC and schizotypy scores explained unique variance in relation to the mean magnitude of the deviation effect. These results suggest that schizotypy is associated with heightened domain-general distractibility, but that this is independent of its relationship with WMC.

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Correlating a measure of sustained attention with a multi-dimensional measure of schizotypal traits

Cited by 36 publications

References 33 publications

Logical reasoning in schizotypal personality

Logical reasoning in schizotypal personality

Visuo-spatial processing and dimensions of schizotypy: figure-ground segregation as a function of psychotic-like features

Increased Distractibility in Schizotypy: Independent of Individual Differences in Working Memory Capacity?

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