Recent
developments in hydrogen energy devices have furthered the
research on sustainable hydrogen production methods. Among these,
the water splitting process has been considered a promising hydrogen
production method, particularly, in alkaline media. The lack of information
on the reaction active sites under the conditions of the oxygen evolution
reaction (OER) hinders establishing guidelines for catalyst development.
In the case of powder catalysts, many operando techniques
also measure bulk information, and therefore, extracting information
on the reaction active sites is challenging. Accordingly, film electrodes
were used in this study, and the electrochemical performance and reaction
kinetics of perovskite-type La1–x
Sr
x
CoO3−δ films
as OER catalysts synthesized by pulsed laser deposition were investigated.
By combining ex situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy
(XAS) and operando total-reflection fluorescence
X-ray absorption spectroscopy (TRF-XAS), we succeeded in observing
a significant oxidation state change on the surface of La0.6Sr0.4CoO3−δ, which indicated that
the active surface sites were formed upon applying the OER potential.
This surface reconstruction resulted in numerous active sites at the
reaction interface, thereby enhancing the OER activity. This study
provides definitive evidence for the surface reconstruction of OER
catalysts, which enhances the fundamental understanding of OER catalyst
behaviors, and can inspire the design of active OER catalysts by suitable
surface modulation.