Correlation Between Access of Drinking Water and Sanitation With Diarrhea Incidence in East Java

Abstract

Background: Diarrhea is still a major health problem in Indonesia. The Province of East Java ranks the second-highest number of diarrhea incidence after West Java, which reached 1,048,885 patients. The most dominant factors contributing to diarrheal diseases are water and family latrines. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the relationship between access to drinking water and proper sanitation with the incidence of diarrhea in East Java. Methods: This study was an observational study with a correlation study design. The population used was all people suffering from diarrheal diseases handled by each district in East Java Province in 2017. The method of sampling used aggregate data on the number of cases of diarrhea handled and the number of people with access to drinking water and proper sanitation per district/city in East Java province based on the East Java Health Profile 2017. The variables studied were the number of people who had access to drinking water (feasible), the number of people who had access to proper sanitation facilities (healthy latrines), and the number of diarrhea cases handled in East Java Province, with analysis techniques in the form of pearson correlation. Results: This study showed that there was a relationship between residents who had access to inadequate drinking water (p = 0.00) which had a strong relationship of 0.48 (strong enough) and there was also a relationship between residents with inadequate access to sanitation facilities (not have healthy latrines) (p = 0.00) which had a strong relationship of 0.53 (strong enough). Conclusion: There is a relationship between access to drinking water and sanitation that is not feasible with the incidence of diarrhea found in East Java.

Poor Basic Sanitation Impact on Diarrhea Cases in Toddlers

“…Another environmental health factor that affect diarrhea were the availability of healthy latrines. Research conducted in several regions of Indonesia showed that there was a relationship between the availability of healthy latrines and diarrhea for children under five years old (14,23,27). Improper faeces management and unhealthy latrines will increase the risk of diarrhea (27)(28)(29).…”

“…Research conducted in several regions of Indonesia showed that there was a relationship between the availability of healthy latrines and diarrhea for children under five years old (14,23,27). Improper faeces management and unhealthy latrines will increase the risk of diarrhea (27)(28)(29). This is because many infectious diseases are transmitted by fecal-oral transmission and through various media (such as water and soil), direct contact with surface of contaminated objects, or through vector (such as flies) when disposing of feces anywhere (30).…”

Household Sanitation as a Diarrhea Driving Factor of Under-Five Children in Bojonegoro Regency

“…However, the lighting factor, including the other physical house parameters like temperature and humidity, does not relate to the incidence of diarrhea in under-five children, according to a study in Muna Barat Regency (27). However, a secondary data-based study in 5 cities in East Java mentions that lighting is also the one component required for a healthy latrine (28). Adequate lighting is considered a single requirement for a sanitary latrine to avoid insects or bacteria contaminating the water.…”

Mapping and Determining of Priority Areas Interventions for Toddler Diarrhea in Surabaya

“…The main source of drinking water, washing hands before taking water from storage containers, domestic waste disposal sites, and soap for washing hands were the most important factors for the prevention of diarrhea in children (Soboksa et al, 2020). Likewise, previous research also showed a relationship between access to drinking water and inadequate sanitation with the incidence of diarrhea found in East Java (Prakoso, 2020).…”