Correlation between glaze-colors and structural properties of the HIZEN celadons produced in the Edo period of Japan, by means of X-ray diffraction (І)

Abstract

HIZEN celadons produced at Arita and Imari areas in Japan from 1630's to 1790's (Edo period) have been investigated by means of X-ray fl uorescence analysis, and X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectra using synchrotron radiation. It is found that, in the HIZEN celadons, the color brightness of the celadon glazes depends on the structural property of the raw basic ceramics taken at Imaizumi (Arita) and Ohkwachi (Imari), where the former is mainly Quartz-SiO 2 , and the later is Sanidine ((K,Na)Si 3 O 8 ). It is confi rmed that CaCO 3 of natural wood ash added artifi cially into the raw celadon ceramics makes a glassy glaze on the surface of the basic body of the HIZEN celadons. Transition-metal ions (Cr, Cu, Zn) of very small amount are detected in the celadon glazes, in addition to Fe and Mn of small amount. It is considered that Cu and Cr are related to the color brightness of green-brown and blue-green in the HIZEN celadon glazes, respectively. Keywords: HIZEN celadons, celadon glaze, microstructure. Resumo Celadons (http://www.ceramicanorio.com/aprendendoourelembrando/celadon/celadon.html) Hizen produzidos nas áreas de Arita e Imari no Japão nos anos de 1630 a 1790 (período Edo) foram investigados por meio de análise de fl uorescência de raios X, difração de raios X e espectros de absorção usando radiação síncrotron. Foi descoberto que nos celadons Hizen o brilho na coloração dos esmaltes celadon depende da propriedade estrutural da matéria-prima cerâmica extraída em

Local structures and electronic band states of α−Fe2O3 polycrystalline particles in the glazes of the HIZEN celadons produced in the Edo period of Japan, by means of X-ray absorption spectra (II)

“…All of their X-ray diffraction patterns showed very small peaks of the Fe 2 O 3 structure. The component ratio in the raw ceramics at Izumiyama (Arita) and Ohkawachi (Imari) were not so large difference, as shown in Table I [20]. However, we found from X-ray diffraction that the Izumiyama ceramics are mainly the quartz (SiO 2 ), while the Ohkawachi ones are mainly the feldspar of (K,Na)Si 3 O 8 (sanidine).…”

“…1 shows the XAS around Fe-K edge of the raw ceramics; the Izumiyama celadon ceramics, the Ohkawachi celadon ceramics, and Hakujikou, in addition to the HIZEN celadon of Seiji (h). Seiji (h) was taken at the kiln remain of Shimoshirakawa closed to Izumiyama in 1655-1660's [20]. The X-ray diffraction patterns suggested from the very weak intensity of the observed peaks that the Izumiyama and Ohkawachi celadon ceramics, and Hakujikou include the α-Fe 2 O 3 fine powders of small amount, as Table I in Ref.…”

“…As described later, their different structural properties are partially related to the characteristic colored brightness of the celadon glazes in the HIZEN celadons produced at Arita and Ohkawachi areas, as shown in photo 1 in Ref. [20].…”

“…Before the present celadon broken pieces, we measured the XAS of the raw ceramics for the Izumiyama celadon ceramics, the Ohkawachi celadon ceramics, and the Izumiyama basic ceramics (Hakujikou), of which the ratios of the oxide components are listed in Table I of Ref. [20]. Three kinds of the raw ceramics contained Fe 2 O 3 of about 1.52, 4.21, and 0.56 wt% for the Izumiyama ceramics, the Ohkawachi ceramics, and Hakujikou, respectively.…”

“…[20], by using synchrotron radiation at the Pohang Light Source (2.5 GeV). A double crystal monochromator of Si (111) gave a relative energy ) were detected with an ionic chamber set in front of the specimen holder, while the X-ray fluorescence photons (I F ) emitted from the front surface of the specimens were simultaneously detected with an X-ray fluorescence detector.…”