Correlation between handheld digital device use and asthenopia in Chinese college students: a Shanghai study

Xu, Yupeng; Deng, Guoying; Wang, Weiheng; Xiong, Shuyu; Xu, Xun

doi:10.1111/aos.13885

Cited by 29 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In another study, the prevalence of asthenopia was found to be 53.3% in collage students. Also workload, time spent on computer per day, sexuality and time spent on handheld digital devices were found sinificantly related eye fatigue/astenopia in this study (Xu, Deng, Wang, Xiong & Xu, 2019). All social layers in society have been seriously affected by the Covid-19 pandemic.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Investigation of the effect of online education on eye health in Covid-19 pandemic

Kaya

2020

International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education

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The aim of this research is to evaluate the effect of online education on eye health in Covid-19 pandemic and to present a new scale on this subject. For this purpose, 402 students (257 females, 145 males) with a mean age of 20.26 from different faculties of Pamukkale university were asked about eye health by e-mail between 8-13 July 2020. Also, eye fatigue questionnaire was applied to evaluate eye fatigue. Corrected item-total correlations and Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficient techniques were used for reliability analysis. In this study, online education eye health scale in Covid-19 pandemic was found to be positively correlated with eye fatigue questionnaire. According to the results of simple linear regression analysis conducted to determine the predictive value of the online education eye health scale in Covid-19 pandemic to eye fatigue, it was found that the online education eye health scale in covid-19 pandemic significantly predicted eye fatigue. Data analysis were conducted with SPSS 21.0 statistical package program in 0.01 significance level.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Investigation of the effect of online education on eye health in Covid-19 pandemic

Kaya

2020

International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education

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“…In the study in Iran which adopted the same definition of asthenopia as ours, the prevalence of asthenopia was 49.4 %. [ 5 ] High prevalence of asthenopia was also found among many college students in various countries: China 53.5%,[ 6 ] Malaysia 89.9%,[ 7 ] Egypt 86%,[ 8 ] and very recently in Iran 70.9%. [ 9 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asthenopia among university students: The eye of the digital generation

Sawaya

Meski

Saba

et al. 2020

J Family Med Prim Care

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Background: Asthenopia or eye strain is one of the major medical problems that students face during their academic years. Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of asthenopia among a sample of university students attending various majors and to identify the risk factors for its development. Methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted on students attending various faculties at the American University of Beirut during the spring semester of 2019. Students were asked to fill a self-administered anonymous questionnaire that inquired about demographics, use of digital devices, symptoms of asthenopia, possible risk factors and protective measures. A bivariate analysis was performed to correlate asthenopia with the different variables. A multivariate analysis was then conducted to determine the extent of contribution of the different variables to asthenopia after controlling for confounding variables. Results: The prevalence of asthenopia was found to be 67.8% with blurred vision being the most reported symptom (27.0%). A bivariate analysis was used to assess the association between asthenopia and the following variables: demographics, digital device use, reasons for using digital devices, and preventive methods. Age, being a continuous variable, was analyzed using an independent t- test. For the variables that were found to be have a p-value < 0.2, a multiple logistic regression was performed. Old age was found to be a protective factor for asthenopia, with 0.693 times reduction in asthenopia for every increase in year of age. Using the device for communication for less than four hours ( p =0.012), using the device for less than four hours per day ( p =0.000) and pattern of using the device for less than three years ( p =0.023) were significant in being negatively associated with asthenopia. As for preventative measures that protect users from digital eyestrain, we found that using eye drops ( p =0.004; OR=0.375) and taking regular breaks ( p =0.000; OR= 0.399) were protective factors whereas using adjustable screens was a risk factor ( p =0.000; OR=3.083). Conclusion: Asthenopia was found to be of non-negligible prevalence among this sample of university students. The results of this study highlight the importance of establishing awareness campaigns and encourage the introduction of targeted screenings for asthenopia among college students.

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“…17 Duration of digital screen time was shown be significantly associated in several studies. 9,10,13,19,21,29,30 Better ergonomic practices' knowledge and practicing the preventive measures is significantly associated with DES symptoms as shown in studies done by Ranasinghe et al, Agarwal et al and Shantakumari et al 11,14,18 Contact lens wearers are more likely to suffer DES than non-lens wearers according to Tauste et al 31 Critical fusion frequency decreased significantly after visual task according to Lin et al who studied the effects reflected glare and visual field lighting. 32…”

Section: Factors Associated With Desmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In the present study, 89.5% students stated experiencing the symptoms of DES which is similar to that reported by Logaraj et al and Reddy et al 9,10 The prevalence of DES or CVS ranged from 53-73% in several other studies on computer users. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] In a study in Malaysia conducted on 795 university students aged between 18 and 25 years, 89.9% of students surveyed feeling any type of symptom of DES. 10…”

Section: Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

A cross sectional overview of digital eye strain: a growing health concern in this digital age in central India (Madhya Pradesh)

Sanodiya

Kujur

Sirohi

et al. 2019

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Background: The physical discomfort and collection of symptoms after digital screen use for longer than two hours at a time is referred by the Vision Council as digital eye strain (DES). Common symptoms of DES are eyestrain, headache, blurred vision, dry eyes and pain in neck and shoulders. This study aims to know about the prevalence; factors associated with and awareness about preventive measures for DES among college students.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for 2 months in 2017 among randomly selected 200 college students of 20 to 30 years of age in Indore city of Madhya Pradesh using a pre-designed semi-structured questionnaire.Results: Mean age of participants was 22.5 years; of which 58% were females. Of the respondents, 89.5% (179 students) reported experiencing DES. Average distance from digital screen, brightness level of digital device, use of digital device before going to sleep and awareness about appropriate distance of digital screen from eyes had statistically significant association with having digital eye strain. 98% of respondents were unaware of the term DES while >60% did not have knowledge about the harmful blue light emitted by digital devices, protective use of digital screen filters, appropriate distance of viewing digital screen and the 20-20-20 rule of taking breaks in between screen time.Conclusions: Since digital device use is a necessary evil; better ergonomic practices to avoid DES should be adopted. Opportunistic health promotion and patient education undertaken by ophthalmologists on an OPD basis is one solution.

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Correlation between handheld digital device use and asthenopia in Chinese college students: a Shanghai study

Cited by 29 publications

References 20 publications

Investigation of the effect of online education on eye health in Covid-19 pandemic

Investigation of the effect of online education on eye health in Covid-19 pandemic

Asthenopia among university students: The eye of the digital generation

A cross sectional overview of digital eye strain: a growing health concern in this digital age in central India (Madhya Pradesh)

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