Correlation between Hyperkalemia and the Duration of Several Hospitalizations in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

(1) Background: This observational study aimed to verify the association between serum potassium levels and hospitalization days in patients with chronic kidney disease in a follow up of nine months. (2) Methods: Patients with chronic kidney disease were divided into group A (180 patients, potassium ≤ 5.1 mEq/L) and B (90 patients, potassium > 5.1 mEq/L). Student’s t-test, Mann–Whitney test, Pearson’s Chi-Square test, Pearson/Spearman’s correlation test and linear regression test were performed in the entire sample and in stage-G4/5 subsample. (3) Results: Groups A and B differed for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (34.89 (IQR, 16.24–57.98) vs. 19.8 (IQR, 10.50–32.50) mL/min/1.73 m2; p < 0.0001), hemoglobin (11.64 ± 2.20 vs. 10.97 ± 2.19 g/dL, p = 0.048), sum of hospitalization days (8 (IQR, 6–10) vs. 11 (IQR, 7–15) days; p < 0.0001) and use of angiotensin II receptor blockers (40.2% vs. 53.3%; p = 0.010). Considering patients with eGFR 6–30 mL/min/1.73 m2, differences in the sum of hospitalization days were confirmed. Multivariable regression analysis showed that hyperkalemia is an independent risk factor of increased hospital length. In stage G4-G5, regression analysis showed that hyperkalemia is the only independent risk factor (β = 2.93, 95% confidence interval, 0.077–5.794, p = 0.044). (4) Conclusions: We observed significantly greater odds of increased length of hospital stay among patients with higher potassium, mostly in stages G4–G5 chronic kidney disease.

Impact of hyperkalemia on hospitalization days in advanced chronic kidney disease patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus: A prospective study

“…Although the findings are consistent with the results of Calabrese et al, 18 the subjects of our study were advanced CKD patients with T2DM, and more such patients were included. Regression analysis have widely adjusted for the influence of other related confounding factors, hence our result precisely proved that hyperkalemia is an independent risk factor for prolonging the HDs of advance CKD patients with T2DM.…”

Impact of hyperkalemia in length of hospital stay in dialysis‐dependent patients

“…Based on our results, hyperkalemia significantly increased the duration of hospitalization by about 25% during follow-up. Similar to previous observational study conducted on patients affected by CKD in conservative management [3], the length of hospital stay was increased in patients requiring hemodialysis who manifested hyperkalemia at admission, despite the alleged homogeneity in baseline characteristics of the two groups. We hypothesize, as highlighted in Shibalta et al's review [4], that hyperkalemia may be considered as a risk marker of worse clinical conditions, but larger prospective studies are required to confirm it.…”

Serum Hemoglobin and Potassium Levels in Sudden Cardiac Death at Hemodialysis Center of Aziz Bhatti Hospital Gujrat

“…Overall current research study inferred that in old age candidates were more at risk of sudden cardiac failure. In sudden cardiac patients, the supply of hemoglobin and estimated filtration rate significantly differ in reduced potassium concentrations and high potassium concentrations 7,8 . However, the low concentration of K was more associated with sudden cardiac arrest.…”