Correlation Between Midthigh Low- Density Muscle and Insulin Resistance in Obese Nondiabetic Patients in Korea

Kim, Dolmi; Nam, Seok‐Jin; Ahn, Chul Woo; Kim, Kyungwook; Yoon, Soojee; Kim, Junuh; Soo, Bong; Lim, Shin-Il; Kim, Kyung-Rae; Lee, Hyunchul; Huh, Kap-Bum

doi:10.2337/diacare.26.6.1825

Cited by 41 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Kim et al [23] reported a significant correlation between the low density muscle mass of the femoral quadriceps muscle and insulin resistance in obese subjects, which was consistent with reports from a similar study. The authors of the present study recommend additional research on insulin resistance and femoral quadriceps muscle increase in Korean diabetes patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

The Correlations between Extremity Circumferences with Total and Regional Amounts of Skeletal Muscle and Muscle Strength in Obese Women with Type 2 Diabetes

et al. 2011

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Background: Insulin resistance is related to central obesity and the amount of skeletal muscle. A simple and practical anthropometric marker for muscle mass is not known, although waist circumference (WC) is used as an indicator of abdominal obesity. The aims of this study were to investigate whether arm (AC) and thigh circumferences (TC) can be used as an indicator of muscle mass and if they are related to muscle strength. Methods: A total of 110 obese (body mass index [BMI]≥25 kg/m 2 ) women with type 2 diabetes were enrolled, and WC, AC, and TC were measured. Abdominal visceral fat (AVF), subcutaneous fat (ASF), and total fat (ATF) were assessed by computed tomography, regional muscle (MM), and fat mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, muscle strength by one repetition maximum (1RM) of both extremities (chest and leg press) and insulin resistance by KITT. Results: The mean age was 56.2±7.3 years, duration of diabetes was 4.2±4.4 years, and BMI was 27.2±2.8 kg/m 2 . WC was correlated with ATF, AVF, and ASF (r=0.728, P<0.001; r=0.515, P<0.001; r=0.608, P<0.001, respectively). Arm MM was correlated with AC (r=0.500, P<0.001), and leg MM with TC (r=0.291, P=0.002). Upper 1RM was related to AC/WC ratio (r=0.359, P<0.001), and lower 1RM was to TC/WC ratio (r=0.286, P=0.003). Insulin resistance had significant relations with AVF, WC, and total MM (r=-0.262, P=0.008; r=-0.217, P=0.029; r=0.160, P=0.031, respectively). Conclusion: The muscle mass was related to extremity circumferences, and muscle strength was to extremity/waist circumference ratio in obese women with type 2 diabetes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

The Correlations between Extremity Circumferences with Total and Regional Amounts of Skeletal Muscle and Muscle Strength in Obese Women with Type 2 Diabetes

et al. 2011

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“…Low‐density muscle represents lipid‐rich skeletal muscle, which includes fat components both between and within the muscle fibers. A number of previous studies have shown that low‐density muscle is significantly related to insulin resistance in obese type 2 diabetic patients (20, 41).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Body Fat Composition and Serum Adiponectin Levels in Diabetic Obesity and Non‐diabetic Obesity

Kim

Park

et al. 2006

Obesity

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Objective: Clinical aspects of diabetes and obesity are somewhat different, even at similar levels of insulin resistance. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in body fat distribution and serum adiponectin concentrations in diabetic and non-diabetic obese participants. We were also interested in identifying the characteristics of insulin resistance in these two groups, particularly from the standpoint of adiponectin. Research Methods and Procedures: Adiponectin concentrations of 112 type 2 diabetic obese participants and 124 non-diabetic obese participants were determined. Abdominal adipose tissue areas and midthigh skeletal muscle areas were measured by computed tomography. A homeostasis model assessment of the insulin resistance score was calculated to assess insulin sensitivity. The relationships among serum adiponectin, body fat distribution, and clinical characteristics were also analyzed. Results: Both abdominal subcutaneous and visceral fat areas were higher in the non-diabetic obese group, whereas midthigh low-density muscle area was higher in the diabetic obese group. The homeostasis model assessment of the insulin resistance score was similar between groups, whereas serum adiponectin was lower in the diabetic obese group. Abdominal visceral fat (␤ ϭ Ϫ0.381, p ϭ 0.012) was a more important predictor of adiponectin concentration than low-density muscle (␤ ϭ Ϫ0.218, p ϭ 0.026) in cases of non-diabetic obesity, whereas low-density muscle (␤ ϭ Ϫ0.413, p ϭ 0.013) was a better predictor of adiponectin level than abdominal visceral fat (␤ ϭ Ϫ 0.228, p ϭ 0.044) in diabetic obese patients. Discussion: Therefore, factors involved in pathophysiology, including different serum adiponectin levels and body fat distributions, are believed to be responsible for differences in clinical characteristics, even at similar levels of insulin resistance in both diseases.

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“…Previous studies showed that fat in these areas was significantly related to insulin resistance. [21, 33, 34] Although fat infiltrated in muscle accounts for a relatively small portion of the total skeletal muscle, it may be important in the development of type 2 diabetes apart from loss of muscle mass. [34, 35] We also did not consider muscle quality, such as muscle strength, or other muscle characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of combination of change in visceral fat and thigh muscle mass on the development of type 2 diabetes

Han

Kim

Kahn

et al. 2017

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

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Aim We investigated the association between combined changes of visceral fat and thigh muscle over 5 years and incident type 2 diabetes in a prospective study of Japanese Americans. Methods We followed 420 nondiabetic Japanese American subjects for 5 years and assessed visceral fat and thigh muscle by computed tomography (CT) at baseline and at 5 years. We categorized study subjects into 4 body composition change groups: visceral fat loss/thigh muscle gain (VF-loss/TM-gain), visceral fat loss/thigh muscle loss (VF-loss/TM-loss), visceral fat gain/thigh muscle gain (VF-gain/TM-gain), and visceral fat gain/thigh muscle loss (VF-gain/TM-loss) by combining changes from baseline in CT measured visceral fat and estimated thigh muscle areas. We fit a logistic regression model to examine the association between body composition categories and the development of incident type 2 diabetes at 5 years. Results Cumulative incidence of type 2 diabetes was 9.8% at 5 years. VF-gain/TM-gain and VF-loss/TM-loss groups had higher risk for incident type 2 diabetes in a model adjusted for age, sex, family history of diabetes, and body mass index compared to VF-loss/TM-gain group as the reference category (OR=6.83 (1.85–25.17), 4.55 (1.06–19.48), respectively). However, the VF-gain/TM-loss group did not show a significant association with the odds of incident diabetes (3.24; 95% CI. 0.78–13.47). Conclusions Concordant gain or loss in visceral fat and thigh muscle was related to higher risk of incident type 2 diabetes compared to the reference combination of loss of visceral fat and gain of thigh muscle in Japanese Americans.

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Correlation Between Midthigh Low- Density Muscle and Insulin Resistance in Obese Nondiabetic Patients in Korea

Cited by 41 publications

References 32 publications

The Correlations between Extremity Circumferences with Total and Regional Amounts of Skeletal Muscle and Muscle Strength in Obese Women with Type 2 Diabetes

The Correlations between Extremity Circumferences with Total and Regional Amounts of Skeletal Muscle and Muscle Strength in Obese Women with Type 2 Diabetes

Comparison of Body Fat Composition and Serum Adiponectin Levels in Diabetic Obesity and Non‐diabetic Obesity

Effects of combination of change in visceral fat and thigh muscle mass on the development of type 2 diabetes

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