“…Proposed in 1995, PSO was applied to optimization, biomedicine, communication, control, plan, prediction, filter, and parameter estimation in rainfall-runoff modeling and so forth [24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. It was improved in selecting the parameter, the velocity equation of the particle, uncertainty stimulation, learning abilities, stability, convergence, and more [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. Wang et al and Chen et al applied PSO to solve optimization of a nine-work network plan [42,43].…”