Correlation of magnesium and calcium in the management of cardiac arrhythmia: Perspectives for better outcome

Abstract

Objectives: To find correlation between serum Mg, serum Ca, and cardiac arrhythmia. Materials and Methods: The present case–control analytical study includes records of 100 participants; 50 patients (both male and female average age: 47 ± 12 years, mean ± SD) admitted during the period of March 2019–March 2020 into the Coronary Care Unit of LG Hospital, AMCMET Medical College who were clinically diagnosed as arrhythmia and 50 subjects for control group from OPD patients coming to the same institution for health check-up. Mg was estimated with xylitol blue colorimetric end-point method and Ca was estimated by NM-BAPTA Method by Roche Cobas c311 instrument. Results: In 50 cases, mean Mg value was 1.454 mg/dl and SD 0.2566 while in control group, mean value was 2.2 mg/dl and SD is 0.3110 with 95% confidence interval of 1.381–1.527 and 2.199–2.375 for cases and controls group, respectively, which was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). In 50 cases, mean Ca value was 8.6426 mg/dl and SD 1.3 mg/dl while in control group, mean value was 9.5 mg/dl and SD 0.47 with 95% confidence interval of 8.268–9.018 and 9.377–9.643 for cases and controls, respectively, which was statistically significant (p < 0.0028) and shows correlation between serum Ca and serum Mg which are low in cardiac arrhythmias. Receiver operating characteristic analysis of Ca: Mg (3.36) ratio showed optimum cutoff in diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmia. Conclusion: We concluded that serum Mg and Ca along with Ca/Mg ratio should be considered as an important parameter for investigation of cardiac disorders, especially for patients of cardiac arrhythmia.