Correlation of paraquat toxicity with tissue concentrations and weight loss of the rat

Sharp, Charles W.; Ottolenghi, A; Posner, Herbert S.

doi:10.1016/0041-008x(72)90174-3

Cited by 170 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Collectively, these data suggest an increased antioxidative capacity in Abcg2-expressing cells that is activated by HIF-2␣ in response to elevated ROS. Stimulation of Abcg2-expressing cells with oxidative stress was achieved with Paraquat dichloride, a stable electron carrier which elevates superoxide radical levels and influences further ROS production to the point of oxidant stress (13,34). This chemical was chosen as a simple and effective agent for generating cellular oxidative stress levels without concomitant tissue injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, an exclusively oxidant stress-specific in vivo injury model has not been used. We therefore sought to characterize the Abcg2 response to oxidative stress by using paraquat dichloride (PQ), a well-known herbicide that generates excessive superoxide radicals in the cytosol and thus creates an imbalance in redox homeostasis (34). Taking advantage of a recently established tamoxifen-inducible Abcg2 lineage-tracing mouse model (14), we used multiple techniques to determine the fate of cardiac Abcg2 lineage after PQ challenge.…”

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confidence: 99%

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ATP-binding cassette transporter Abcg2 lineage contributes to the cardiac vasculature after oxidative stress

Maher

Ren

et al. 2014

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

ATP-binding cassette transporter Abcg2 lineage contributes to the cardiac vasculature after oxidative stress

Maher

Ren

et al. 2014

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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“…Paraquat is known to be filtered at the glomerulus and actively secreted by tubular cells (5). In addition, it has been reported that the kidney has the highest con centration of paraquat in organs within 4 hours after the systemic injection of paraquat in rats (7). There fore, it is considered that both glomerular and tubular cells are damaged in a paraquat-treated mouse.…”

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confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of Antioxidants on Paraquat-Induced Acute Renal Failure in Mice

Nagano

Yagi

Nishikori

1992

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

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-The protective effects of antioxidants against elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were studied in newly developed acute renal failure in mice induced by paraquat. The administration of para quat caused marked azotemia accompanied by a decreased glomerular filtration rate. In contrast, ele vated BUN was significantly reduced by the preadministration of either dimethylthiourea, deferoxamine or a -tocopherol. These data suggest that acute renal failure induced by paraquat is mainly related to the hydroxyl radicals produced via the iron-catalyzed Haber-Weiss reaction.

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“…44 In addition, it has been reported that the kidney is next to the lungs in having the highest concentration of PQ in animals. 45 The damage done to the renal tubules as a result of high PQ toxicity effects could result in leakage of the reabsorbable solutes causing the establishment of raised urinary SG.…”

Section: Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

The preventive effect of vitamin C on the cellular and functional integrity of kidney cells in rats following repeated exposure to paraquat

et al. 2014

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Paraquat (PQ) is a bipyridylium herbicide that is applied around trees in orchards and between crop rows to control broad-leaved and grassy weeds. Its oxidation results in the formation of superoxides which causes damage to cellular components. In this study, we determined the antioxidant effect vitamin C has on the cellular integrity of kidney function in rats following repeated exposure to PQ. Ninety-six male rats, grouped twelve rats per subgroup (A, A vit.c , B, B vit.c , C, C vit.c , D and D vit.c ) were intraperitoneally injected with different sublethal increasing doses (0, 0, 2, 2, 4, 4, 6 and 6 mg/kg body weight) of PQ respectively on biweekly (14 days) intervals over a period of three months (84 days). Subsequently, the subgrouped animals (A vit.c , B vit.c , C vit.c and D vit.c ) were maintained orally with 1 g/L vitamin C, while the other subgrouped animals (A, B, C and D) received drinking water with negligible vitamin content throughout the study period. At the end of each monthly (28 days) treatment, four animals per subgroup were selected. Urine samples were collected from each of the selected rats, after which each of the animals were anaesthetized with gaseous isoflurane and 5 mL of blood samples were collected using cardiac puncture procedure. The animals were later decapitated and their kidneys harvested. The samples collected were analyzed for urine [specific gravity (SG), pH, protein and glucose], blood (urea, creatinine, total protein and glucose), and the histological studies on kidney slides. The dose and exposure-time dependent PQ toxicity resulted in the reduction in urinary pH, elevation in urinary SG, and the detectable presence of protein and glucose in urine. It also caused marked elevation in serum urea and creatinine levels with reduction in serum protein and glucose levels and alterations in the cellular integrity of the renal architecture, especially the glomeruli and tubular tissues. Treatments on the PQ insulted animals with vitamin C resulted in the significant presentation of biochemical and histological values that were a complete reversal or near normalization in the parameters assayed, except the urinary pH which presented with more acidic values (vitamin C is acidic in solution). Vitamin C treatment significantly brought down the urine SG level to normal or near normal. It caused near or total disappearance of protein and glucose in urine, reduction in serum urea and creatinine concentration and elevation or normalization of serum total protein and glucose values with restoration of the renal function of treated rats. These findings clearly show that vitamin C has an important role to play in the body's antioxidant defense system. Its use caused normalization of the biochemical and histological parameters studied and restored the health status of the affected animals.

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Correlation of paraquat toxicity with tissue concentrations and weight loss of the rat

Cited by 170 publications

References 18 publications

ATP-binding cassette transporter Abcg2 lineage contributes to the cardiac vasculature after oxidative stress

ATP-binding cassette transporter Abcg2 lineage contributes to the cardiac vasculature after oxidative stress

Protective Effects of Antioxidants on Paraquat-Induced Acute Renal Failure in Mice

The preventive effect of vitamin C on the cellular and functional integrity of kidney cells in rats following repeated exposure to paraquat

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