Correlation of visceral body fat with waist–hip ratio, waist circumference and body mass index in healthy adults: A cross sectional study

Gadekar, Tukaram; Dudeja, Puja; Basu, Ipsita; Vashisht, Shruti; Mukherji, Sandip

doi:10.1016/j.mjafi.2017.12.001

Cited by 90 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…These results were generalized beyond the UK education system and converted to the corresponding number of years using ISCED harmonization guidelines 49 and dichotomized into 'college' (>=17 years) versus 'high school' education. Waist-to-hip ratio is a common index of central fat distribution 50 and used as a proxy of atherosclerotic burden in overweight individuals and postmenopausal women 51,52 . Genetic principal components were regressed out to account for differences in ethnicity within the sample; only the first 4 components were considered as these have been previously shown to capture most of the population structure.…”

Section: Clinical Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous Sex Hormone Effects on Brain Microstructure in Women: A diffusion MRI Study in the UK Biobank

Nabulsi¹,

Lawrence²,

Santhalingam³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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This study used advanced diffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI) to examine the association between exogenous sex-hormone exposure and the brain’s white matter aging trajectories in a large population-based sample of women. To investigate the effect of pre- and post-menopausal sex hormones on brain aging, cross-sectional brain dMRI data from the UK Biobank was analyzed using 3 diffusion models: conventional diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), the tensor distribution function (TDF), and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI). Mean skeletonized diffusivity measures were extracted and averaged across the whole brain, including fractional anisotropy, isotropic volume fraction, intracellular volume fraction and orientation dispersion index. We used general linear models and fractional polynomial regressions to characterize age-related trajectories in white matter measures following hormone therapy (HT) and oral contraceptive (OC) use in women (HT analysis: N=8,301; OC analysis: N=8,913). Sex hormone treatment (HT and OC) was statistically associated with the aging trends in white matter measures. Estrogen therapy alone appeared to exert a neuroprotective effect on age-related white matter processes, compared to HT containing both estrogen and progestin therapy – which was associated with accelerated aging-related processes in women. These results support the hypothesis that exogenous sex hormone exposure may impact white matter aging; white matter metrics may also be sensitive to sex hormone levels in women. Furthermore, we discuss the necessity to test alternative models for lifespan trajectories beyond popular linear and quadratic models, especially when dealing with large samples. Fractional polynomial models may provide a more adaptive alternative to linear or quadratic models.

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Section: Clinical Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous Sex Hormone Effects on Brain Microstructure in Women: A diffusion MRI Study in the UK Biobank

Nabulsi¹,

Lawrence²,

Santhalingam³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Numerous methods that evaluate the proportion of VAT to SAT have been used both in clinical practice and research (10,11). CT is a powerful tool capable of precise visualization of adipose tissue in any part of the human body.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid and Model‐Based Iterative Reconstruction Influences the Volumetry of Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue on Ultra‐Low‐Dose CT

Lambert

Novak

Šiklová

et al. 2020

Obesity

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Objective The aim of this study was to compare three different reconstruction algorithms for the volumetry of the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) on ultra‐low‐dose computed tomography (CT) images. Methods Thirty‐seven male patients underwent ultra‐low‐dose CT at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra (22.5 mm in z‐axis). The acquisitions were reconstructed in 5‐mm slices with 50% overlap using filtered back projection (FBP), hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR), and iterative model‐based reconstruction (IMR) techniques. The volume of VAT and SAT was measured using an interactive seed‐growing segmentation and by thresholding (−30 to −190 HU). Results The volume of SAT measured by the interactive method was smaller in FBP compared with both HIR (P = 0.0011) and IMR (P = 0.0034), and the volume of VAT was greater in IMR compared with HIR (P = 0.0253) or FBP (P = 0.0065). Using the thresholding method, IMR volumes of VAT were greater compared with HIR (P < 0.0001), and volumes of SAT were greater compared with both HIR and FBP (both P ≤ 0.0001). The VAT to SAT ratio was greater in IMR compared with HIR or FBP (both P < 0.0001). Conclusions There are significant differences among FBP, HIR, and IMR in the volumetry of SAT and VAT, their ratios, and attenuation measured on ultra‐low‐dose images.

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“…WHR is a common index of central fat distribution that has been linked to PSE (Santos et al 2016). Prior work shows a strong positive correlation between WHR and visceral fat in healthy adults (Gadekar et al 2018).…”

Section: Adult Smokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered cortical brain structure and increased risk for disease seen decades after perinatal exposure to maternal smoking: A study of 9,000 adults in the UK Biobank

Salminen

Wilcox

Zhu

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Secondhand smoke exposure is a major public health risk that is especially harmful to the developing brain, but it is unclear if early exposure affects brain structure during middle age and older adulthood. Here we analyzed brain MRI data from the UK Biobank in a population-based sample of individuals (ages 44-80) who were exposed (n=2,510) or unexposed (n=6,079) to smoking around birth. We used robust statistical models, including quantile regressions, to test the effect of perinatal smoke exposure (PSE) on cortical surface area (SA), thickness, and subcortical volume. We hypothesized that PSE would be associated with cortical disruption in primary sensory areas compared to unexposed (PSE -) adults. After adjusting for multiple comparisons, SA was significantly lower in the pericalcarine (PCAL), inferior parietal (IPL), and regions of the temporal and frontal cortex of PSE + adults; these abnormalities were associated with increased risk for several diseases, including circulatory and endocrine conditions. Sensitivity analyses conducted in a hold-out group of healthy participants (exposed, n=109, unexposed, n=315) replicated the effect of PSE on SA in the PCAL and IPL. Collectively our results show a negative, long term effect of PSE on sensory cortices that may increase risk for disease later in life.

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Correlation of visceral body fat with waist–hip ratio, waist circumference and body mass index in healthy adults: A cross sectional study

Cited by 90 publications

References 23 publications

Exogenous Sex Hormone Effects on Brain Microstructure in Women: A diffusion MRI Study in the UK Biobank

Exogenous Sex Hormone Effects on Brain Microstructure in Women: A diffusion MRI Study in the UK Biobank

Hybrid and Model‐Based Iterative Reconstruction Influences the Volumetry of Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue on Ultra‐Low‐Dose CT

Altered cortical brain structure and increased risk for disease seen decades after perinatal exposure to maternal smoking: A study of 9,000 adults in the UK Biobank

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