Correlations between ultrasonic guided wave velocities and bone properties in bovine tibia in vitro

Abstract

Correlations between ultrasonic guided wave velocities and bone properties were investigated in bovine tibia in vitro. The velocities of the first arriving signal and the slow guided wave, termed VFAS and VSGW, along the long axis of the tibia were measured at 200 kHz in 20 bovine tibiae using the axial transmission technique. VFAS yielded significant negative correlation coefficients of −0.54 to −0.66 with the bone properties. In contrast, VSGW yielded strong positive correlation coefficients of 0.68–0.84. The best univariate predictor of VFAS and VSGW was the cortical thickness yielding adjusted squared correlation coefficients of 0.41 and 0.69, respectively.

Excitation of ultrasonic Lamb waves using a phased array system with two array probes: Phantom and in vitro bone studies

“…64 Ultrasound has been exploited to study long bones using the so- The application of GWs to study long bones is quite recent but 81 the results so far are quite interesting. Nicholson of A 0 and S 0 modes with cortical thicknesses in bovine tibiae [9]. 91 Ta et al found that the L(0, 2) mode was quite sensitive to the 92 thickness change in the cortex [10].…”

Measuring the wavenumber of guided modes in waveguides with linearly varying thickness

“…13 The first version of the axial transmission approach consisted in recording the time-of-flight of the earliest component of the signal recorded at the receivers, the so-called first arriving signal (FAS). [14][15][16][17][18] In subsequent developments, a multiple frequency approach in which FAS velocity is measured at different frequencies has also been described. 9,19,20 A different approach, based on a more complete analysis of the recorded time signals, consists in detecting one or more particular guided modes which are then identified by coupling the experimental analysis to a model of the waveguide.…”

“…If the couple ( 0 , k 0 ) is located in zone I, the associated peak intercepts the  = 0 line. Thus following Eq (18),. the limit between the two zones corresponds to  k less than 4/(M L).…”

“…The resolution values in the (k -) 2-D spacegiven by Eqs (17). and(18) are shown with thin arrows. The thick lines corresponds to validity domains of zone I (spatial Fourier transform) and zone II (modified test vector).…”

Propagation of time-reversed Lamb waves in bovine cortical bone in vitro

“…5,6 It has been reported that the FAS velocity can characterize both material properties and thickness of cortical bones. 7 It has also been found that the slow guided wave (SGW) arriving after the FAS can provide enhanced characterization of both material properties and thickness of cortical bones. 8 In contrast to the FAS, the SGW has shown to essentially behave as the lowest order antisymmetrical (A0) Lamb wave independently of the cortical thickness-to-wavelength ratio with the velocity increasing with increasing thickness.…”