Correlations of Narcissistic Traits with Defensive Style, Machiavellianism, and Empathy

Biscardi, David L; Schill, Thomas

doi:10.2466/pr0.1985.57.2.354

Cited by 46 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Scores can range from 0 to 40, with higher scores indicating greater degrees of narcissism. The NPI has demonstrated strong internal consistency (Raskin & Terry, 1988), convergent validity (Emmons, 1984) and discriminant validity (Biscardi & Schill, 1985).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of Self: The Development and Assessment of a Measure of Selfobject Needs

Arble

Barnett

2017

Journal of Personality Assessment

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of Self: The Development and Assessment of a Measure of Selfobject Needs

Arble

Barnett

2017

Journal of Personality Assessment

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“…1985;Lachman. 1982;Lang, 1984: Haaken, 1983 suggests that differential treatment by par ents, especially in the context of cultural devaluation of the feminine, creates different psychological frameworks for the formation of healthy and pathological forms of narcis sism in men and women [Wink, 1991[Wink, , 1992, Correlations between masculinity and overt, exhibitionistic forms of narcissism and between femininity and hypersensitive, co vert narcissism [Watson et al, 1989] may correspond to sex differences in the use of externalizing vs. internalizing forms of de fense [Biscardi and Schill, 1985;Cramer, 1987], psychopathologies [Lewis, 1985;Nolen-Hoeksema, 1987;George, 1990;Haaken, 1983], and differential levels of self-esteem [Spence et al" 1975: Antill andCunningham. 1979], Yet.…”

Section: The Affective Dimensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender and the Development of Wisdom

Orwoll¹,

Achenbaum²

1993

Human Development

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Recent psychological research into the realms and processes of growing wiser can be linked to gender theory and research documenting variation in human development. Drawing on an integrative model of wisdom including components in three domains (personality, cognition, and conation) and across three levels (intrapersonal, interpersonal, and transpersonal), we highlight potential differences in the ways that women and men attain and express wisdom, and we initiate a search for interactive patterns across the components of wisdom. Although it would be premature to claim that men and women differ globally in wisdom, there is sufficient evidence of divergences across the sexes to warrant more systematic inquiry.

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“…This forced-choice instrument has proven to be a valid predictor of such presumed correlates of narcissism as creativity (Raskin, 1980), use of projection as a defense mechanism (Biscardi & Schill, 1985), sensation seeking (Emmons, 1981), lowered social interest (Joubert, 1989, excessive use of first person pronouns (Raskin & Shaw, 1988), and an antipathy toward intrinsic religiousness (Watson, Hood, & Morris, 1984). The NPI also relates directly to other putative measures of pathological narcissism (e.g., Auerbach, 1984, Prifitera & Ryan, 1984, Solomon, 1982Watson, Grisham, Trotter, & Biderman, 1984); and recent studies have confirmed broad-ranging linkages with numerous behavioral and self-report indices associated with the narcissistic personality (Raskin & Novacek, 1989;Raskin & Terry, 1988).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Narcissistic Personality Inventory Factors, Splitting, and Self-Consciousness

Watson¹,

Biderman²

1993

Journal of Personality Assessment

141

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Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI; Emmons, 1984) factors were correlated with Splitting, Self-Consciousness, Depression, Anxiety, and Self-Esteem. Exploitativeness/Entitlement was largely maladaptive, whereas Leadership/Authority, Superiority/Arrogance, and Self-Absorption/Self-Admiration yielded ambiguous outcomes. Partialing out Exploitativeness/Entitlement uncovered stronger ties of the other factors with adjustment, and controlling for the other three dimensions caused Exploitativeness/Entitlement to appear more pathological. Raskin and Terry (1988) NPI factors and a narcissistic Superiority Scale were similarly affected by partialing, appearing healthier when controlling for "maladaptive" narcissism and more unhealthy when removing the more "adaptive" variance. These data suggest that complex entanglements between adaptive and maladaptive forms of self-love may make it difficult to understand and assess pathological narcissism.

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Correlations of Narcissistic Traits with Defensive Style, Machiavellianism, and Empathy

Cited by 46 publications

References 3 publications

An Analysis of Self: The Development and Assessment of a Measure of Selfobject Needs

An Analysis of Self: The Development and Assessment of a Measure of Selfobject Needs

Gender and the Development of Wisdom

Narcissistic Personality Inventory Factors, Splitting, and Self-Consciousness

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