Correspondência Entre a Percepção Materna E O Estado Nutricional De Escolares

Abstract

Correspondência entre a percepção materna e o estado nutricional de escolares Correspondence between maternal perception and students' nutritional status Resumo Introdução: A percepção materna do estado nutricional do filho (PM), quando discordante do estado nutricional diagnosticado (EN), pode propiciar distúrbios nutricionais. Objetivo: Avaliar a correspondência entre a PM e o EN de escolares, bem como os fatores associados. Métodos: Amostra de 518 escolares de 7 a 10 anos. Foram coletados dados antropométricos para diagnóstico do estado nutricional pelo índice de massa corporal (IMC) e dados socioeconômicos e percepção materna, por meio de entrevista com as mães. Foram aplicados os testes de Kappa ajustado pela prevalência (k) para verificar a concordância entre a PM e o EN, qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher para determinar as diferenças de proporções, e a regressão logística multinomial para ajuste entre as variáveis associadas. Resultado: Foram encontradas maior e menor concordâncias entre PM e EN para magreza e obesidade. Escolares do sexo masculino e aqueles cujas mães se preocupam com o peso têm mais chance de serem percebidos como "abaixo do peso". Conclusão: Foi encontrada concordância substancial entre o estado nutricional e a percepção materna.

Maternal perception of children's nutritional status in the Federal District, Brazil

“…A high percentage of mothers underestimated the nutritional status of their overweight children (39,3%), a trend that has been previously observed among parents of this population [8,7,12,13,14,31,32]. However, contrary to previous findings, 29.9% of mothers of overweight children and 47.9% of those of obese children overestimated the nutritional status of their child.…”

“…With regard to child's sex, it could be seen that boys were more likely to have their nutritional status underestimated by their mothers, whereas girls were more likely to have it overestimated. Other studies also found an association between child's sex and maternal perception of nutritional status [ 12 , 28 , 32 , 34 ]. Mothers tend to be more concerned about the nutritional status of their daughters, wishing them to be thinner.…”

“…Other studies also found an association between child's sex and maternal perception of nutritional status [12,28,32,34]. Mothers tend to be more concerned about the nutritional status of their daughters, wishing them to be thinner.…”

“…It was also found that 46.2% of mothers of normal weight children underestimated child's nutritional status, whereas 23.5% of these mothers overestimated it. Both underestimation and overestimation of the nutritional status of normal weight children are concerning because they may lead to maternal dissatisfaction with the supposed child's thinness or overweight and affect the way mothers behave regarding dietary intake in order to promote weight gain or loss in health children [ 10 , 11 , 32 ].…”

“…Mothers tend to be more concerned about the nutritional status of their daughters, wishing them to be thinner. This may reflect the beauty standard imposed by the media and may lead to severe consequences, such as an increased prevalence of eating disorders [ 10 , 32 , 40 ]. Conversely, with regard to boys, it has been suggested that the greater trend of mothers to underestimate child’s nutritional status may be explained by the idealization of strong and robust bodies for male individuals, but additional studies are needed to evaluate these aspects [ 41 ].…”