Corrigendum: Decreased Exosomal Acetylcholinesterase Activity in the Plasma of Patients With Parkinson's Disease

Shim, Kyu Hwan; Go, Han Gyeol; Bae, Heewon; Jeong, Da-Eun; Kim, Danyeong; Youn, Young Chul; Kim, SangYun; An, Seong Soo A.; Kang, Min Ju

doi:10.3389/fnagi.2021.726525

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Exosomes, reported as an important mediator role in the pathogenesis of PD, are widely present in urine, plasma, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, breast milk, and cerebrospinal fluid ( Li et al, 2018 ). Previous studies have revealed that SNCA Hypomethylation, DJ-1, α-syn, Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) have the potential to be early biomarkers of PD in exosomes ( Fraser et al, 2016 ; Zhao et al, 2019 , 2020 ; Shim et al, 2021 ). On the other hand, exosomes also contain ncRNAs that are highly connected to PD, implying that ncRNAs in exosomes have limitless potential in diagnosis ( Fiedler et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: The Diagnostic Implications Of Exosomal Non-coding Rna On Pa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Potential of Exosomal Non-coding RNA in Parkinson’s Disease: A Review

Zhang

Rasheed

Liang

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that are released by cells and circulate freely in body fluids. Under physiological and pathological conditions, they serve as cargo for various biological substances such as nucleotides (DNA, RNA, ncRNA), lipids, and proteins. Recently, exosomes have been revealed to have an important role in the pathophysiology of several neurodegenerative illnesses, including Parkinson’s disease (PD). When secreted from damaged neurons, these exosomes are enriched in non-coding RNAs (e.g., miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs) and display wide distribution characteristics in the brain and periphery, bridging the gap between normal neuronal function and disease pathology. However, the current status of ncRNAs carried in exosomes regulating neuroprotection and PD pathogenesis lacks a systematic summary. Therefore, this review discussed the significance of ncRNAs exosomes in maintaining the normal neuron function and their pathogenic role in PD progression. Additionally, we have emphasized the importance of ncRNAs exosomes as potential non-invasive diagnostic and screening agents for the early detection of PD. Moreover, bioengineered exosomes are proposed to be used as drug carriers for targeted delivery of RNA interference molecules across the blood-brain barrier without immune system interference. Overall, this review highlighted the diverse characteristics of ncRNA exosomes, which may aid researchers in characterizing future exosome-based biomarkers for early PD diagnosis and tailored PD medicines.

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Section: The Diagnostic Implications Of Exosomal Non-coding Rna On Pa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Potential of Exosomal Non-coding RNA in Parkinson’s Disease: A Review

Zhang

Rasheed

Liang

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Approaches and Challenges in Characterizing the Molecular Content of Extracellular Vesicles for Biomarker Discovery

Kumari,

Lausted,

Scherler

et al. 2024

Biomolecules

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer nanoparticles released from all known cells and are involved in cell-to-cell communication via their molecular content. EVs have been found in all tissues and body fluids, carrying a variety of biomolecules, including DNA, RNA, proteins, metabolites, and lipids, offering insights into cellular and pathophysiological conditions. Despite the emergence of EVs and their molecular contents as important biological indicators, it remains difficult to explore EV-mediated biological processes due to their small size and heterogeneity and the technical challenges in characterizing their molecular content. EV-associated small RNAs, especially microRNAs, have been extensively studied. However, other less characterized RNAs, including protein-coding mRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, circular RNAs, and tRNAs, have also been found in EVs. Furthermore, the EV-associated proteins can be used to distinguish different types of EVs. The spectrum of EV-associated RNAs, as well as proteins, may be associated with different pathophysiological conditions. Therefore, the ability to comprehensively characterize EVs’ molecular content is critical for understanding their biological function and potential applications in disease diagnosis. Here, we set out to provide an overview of EV-associated RNAs and proteins as well as approaches currently being used to characterize them.

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Corrigendum: Decreased Exosomal Acetylcholinesterase Activity in the Plasma of Patients With Parkinson's Disease

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Emerging Potential of Exosomal Non-coding RNA in Parkinson’s Disease: A Review

Emerging Potential of Exosomal Non-coding RNA in Parkinson’s Disease: A Review

Approaches and Challenges in Characterizing the Molecular Content of Extracellular Vesicles for Biomarker Discovery

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