Corrigendum to “Esterification of levulinic acid with butanol over ion exchange resins” [Appl. Catal. A: Gen. 517 (2016) 56–66]

Tejero, M.A.; Ramírez, Eliana; Fité, Carles; Tejero, Javier

doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2016.03.028

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The results in Fig. are shown for the conversion of CA and indicate that increasing loading of the catalyst enhances the conversion obtained for the esterification reaction , . This is because an increase in catalyst loading enhances the number of active acidic sites available in the ion‐exchange resin catalyst, which subsequently enhances the conversion of CA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Pervaporation‐Assisted Esterification of Caproic Acid with Isobutanol in Conventional, In Situ, and Ex Situ Reactors

2019

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The factors that affect the pervaporation-assisted esterification of caproic acid and isobutanol have been investigated in a batch reactor and compared with two different pervaporation reactors, in situ and ex situ reactors, with different configurations. The operating process parameters of the pervaporation modules can be adjusted to optimize the performance, which improves the conversion of reactants and reduces the operating costs. The performances of the reactors have been extensively studied and the membrane selectivity has been investigated in terms of the flux of individual reaction species. The mass transfer limitation of both pervaporation reactors was studied and suitably eliminated. In addition, the performance of the pervaporation reactors was investigated by evaluating the ratio of water removal rate to the water production rate.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Pervaporation‐Assisted Esterification of Caproic Acid with Isobutanol in Conventional, In Situ, and Ex Situ Reactors

2019

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“…[54] Therefore, it is worthy to note that large reactants ratio (methanol) does not necessarily translate to more conversion, especially when the active sites are insufficient. [16,55] In a different type of esterification study, Tejero et al [4] prepared butyl levulinate from the esterification reaction between levulinic acid and 1-butanol (BuOH) over ionic resins. Experimental setup conditions were set at 80°C, 2.5 MPa, catalyst loading 0.8% in a reactant ratio of 1 : 3 Al: BuOH.…”

Section: Esterification Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1,2] Figure 1 presents a resin structure made up of macro and micro pores; the macro pores providing routes for faster diffusion of reactants and a population of micro pores housing the ion exchange sites which are responsible for its activity. [3][4][5] The distribution of the macro and micro pores of the resin has a direct link to its effectiveness and functionality. [6] The specific and selective nature of ion exchange resins allows for its use in a wide range of separation processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Functionality of Ion Exchange Resins for Esterification, Transesterification and Hydrogenation Reactions

Osazuwa

Abidin

2020

ChemistrySelect

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Ion exchange resins (IER) possess a catalytically flexible structure which enables them to be easily applied for renewable energy production and environmentally friendly reactions. More specifically, they can be used as catalyst or catalyst support in other industrialized processes such as; esterification, transesterification and hydrogenation reactions. Several works on esterification, transesterification and hydrogenation reactions are in literature. This study reviews some of these works which includes the utilization of IER in esterification, trans-esterification and hydrogenation reactions. Recent reports show that IER are conventionally used as catalyst in esterification and transesterification reactions. For hydrogenation reactions, IER have been utilized as support for metallic catalyst, raising questions on their inability to be applied as catalyst. Hence, this study has itemized these various reactions, detailing their applications which are highly industrialized reaction processes.

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“…Several strong inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid were employed in the past for the esterification reaction. Even though these acid catalysts possess a strong activity, the application of such catalysts encounters limitation in terms of equipment corrosion, non-reusability, tedious separation process, and environmental concerns [3]. Owing to the requirement of sustainable development, the use of a heterogeneous solid acid catalyst for the esterification reaction was intensified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Networks for Optimization of Catalytic Esterification of Lactic Acid

Chandane¹,

Rathod

Wasewar

et al. 2020

Chem Eng & Technol

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Response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) models were employed to study the esterification of lactic acid and isoamyl alcohol. A carbon-based solid acid catalyst prepared by wet impregnation was used in the esterification reaction. Experimental characterization revealed its potential to serve as catalyst for the esterification reaction. The experiments were performed based on the design of experiments provided by RSM and ANN models. Both models were compared on the basis of prediction efficacies and deviation from actual data. The prediction data results demonstrated that the ANN model gave better prediction efficiency and lower prediction deviation than the RSM model. The ANN model provided a higher coefficient of determination and lower error values than the RSM model. Moreover, the catalyst exhibited a good stability and recyclability up to four reaction cycles.

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Corrigendum to “Esterification of levulinic acid with butanol over ion exchange resins” [Appl. Catal. A: Gen. 517 (2016) 56–66]

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Pervaporation‐Assisted Esterification of Caproic Acid with Isobutanol in Conventional, In Situ, and Ex Situ Reactors

Pervaporation‐Assisted Esterification of Caproic Acid with Isobutanol in Conventional, In Situ, and Ex Situ Reactors

The Functionality of Ion Exchange Resins for Esterification, Transesterification and Hydrogenation Reactions

Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Networks for Optimization of Catalytic Esterification of Lactic Acid

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