Corrigendum to “Impaired motor preparation and execution during standing reach in people with chronic stroke” [Neurosci. Lett. 630 (2016) 38–44]

Waller, Sandy McCombe; Yang, Chieh-ling; Magder, Laurence S.; Yungher, Don; Creath, Rob; Gray, Vicki L.; Rogers, Mark W.

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2016.09.035

Cited by 1 publication

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“…There were also differences between studies. For example, delayed onset of muscle activation in stroke survivors compared to healthy adult participants ( 57 , 60 , 74 ), contrasts with findings of no significant difference between the two groups ( 53 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Six studies investigated interaction between muscle pairs ( 48 , 53 , 69 , 70 , 72 , 74 ). Also investigated were muscle activation patterns ( 58 , 60 ), muscle timing ( 57 , 60 ), and the percentage of muscle activity used in relation to the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) ( 55 , 58 , 69 , 70 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One study identified no difference in muscle onset time in comparison to control participants ( 53 ). Whereas, another found that individuals with stroke have delayed muscle onset/activation ( 57 , 60 , 74 ). Clearly this is an area for future research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Kinematic Components of the Reach-to-Target Movement After Stroke for Focused Rehabilitation Interventions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2018

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Background: Better upper limb recovery after stroke could be achieved through tailoring rehabilitation interventions directly at movement deficits.Aim: To identify potential; targets for therapy by synthesizing findings of differences in kinematics and muscle activity between stroke survivors and healthy adults performing reach-to-target tasks.Methods: A systematic review with identification of studies, data extraction, and potential risk of bias was completed independently by two reviewers. Online databases were searched from their inception to November 2017 to find studies of reach-to-target in people-with-stroke and healthy adults. Potential risk-of-bias was assessed using the Down's and Black Tool. Synthesis was undertaken via: (a) meta-analysis of kinematic characteristics utilizing the standardized mean difference (SMD) [95% confidence intervals]; and (b), narrative synthesis of muscle activation.Results: Forty-six studies met the review criteria but 14 had insufficient data for extraction. Consequently, 32 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Potential risk-of-bias was low for one study, unclear for 30, and high for one. Reach-to-target was investigated with 618 people-with-stroke and 429 healthy adults. The meta-analysis found, in all areas of workspace, that people-with-stroke had: greater movement times (seconds) e.g., SMD 2.57 [0.89, 4.25]; lower peak velocity (millimeters/second) e.g., SMD −1.76 [−2.29, −1.24]; greater trunk displacement (millimeters) e.g. SMD 1.42 [0.90, 1.93]; a more curved reach-path-ratio e.g., SMD 0.77 [0.32, 1.22] and reduced movement smoothness e.g., SMD 0.92 [0.32, 1.52]. In the ipsilateral and contralateral workspace, people-with-stroke exhibited: larger errors in target accuracy e.g., SMD 0.70 [0.39, 1.01]. In contralateral workspace, stroke survivors had: reduced elbow extension and shoulder flexion (degrees) e.g., elbow extension SMD −1.10 [−1.62, −0.58] and reduced shoulder flexion SMD −1.91 [−1.96, −0.42]. Narrative synthesis of muscle activation found that people-with-stroke, compared with healthy adults, exhibited: delayed muscle activation; reduced coherence between muscle pairs; and use of a greater percentage of muscle power.Conclusions: This first-ever meta-analysis of the kinematic differences between people with stroke and healthy adults performing reach-to-target found statistically significant differences for 21 of the 26 comparisons. The differences identified and values provided are potential foci for tailored rehabilitation interventions to improve upper limb recovery after stroke.

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