Corrosion behavior of biomedical AZ91 magnesium alloy in simulated body fluids

Xin, Yunchang; Liu, Chenglong; Xin-Meng, Zhang; Tang, Guoyi; Xia, Tian; Chu, Paul K.

doi:10.1557/jmr.2007.0233

Cited by 208 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The graph clearly shows that the weight loss was significantly increased as immersion time was increased. This is because chloride ion from HBSS aggressively attack the composite surface by producing Mg(OH) 2 which encourage Mg matrix to dissolve in HBSS leading to weight loss of the composite [16]. Figure 9 also clearly shows that the weight loss can be reduced by adding alloying element into Mg-based composite.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of Alloying Elements on Properties of Biodegradable Magnesium Composite for Implant Application

Hussain¹,

N²,

Bk³

2017

J Powder Metall Min

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This research aims to improve the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of magnesium based composites with addition of zinc and manganese as alloying elements. Mg-Zn-HA, Mg-Mn-HA and Mg-Zn-Mn-HA composites with Mg-HA composite as control have been fabricated through powder metallurgy route. 1.5wt% of alloying elements was added into magnesium matrix for each composite. The composites were prepared by mechanical alloying followed by compaction under 400 MPa and sintering at 400°C. The results showed that with additional alloying element, micro-hardness, compressive strength and corrosion resistance of composites are significantly enhanced compared with Mg-HA composite. The Mg-Zn-Mn-HA composite showed the best properties among Mg-based composite with density, micro-hardness and compressive strength of 1.77 g/cm 3 , 65.5 HV and 210 MPa respectively all in range of properties of human bone. Immersion test in Hank's Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS), weight loss of Mg-Zn-Mn-HA reduces to 0.61% when immerse for 5 hours and to 6.20% for 24 hours immersion.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of Alloying Elements on Properties of Biodegradable Magnesium Composite for Implant Application

Hussain¹,

N²,

Bk³

2017

J Powder Metall Min

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“…However, one drawback of the material is the fast corrosion rate. When magnesium alloys get in contact with a biological milieu corrosion products are released and gas formation occurs [35]. To prevent a too fast degradation and in addition to influence cell behavior allowing cell adhesion and integration into the host tissue, surface coatings could help to overcome these problems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the in vitro performance of hydroxyapatite coated magnesium (AZ91D) and titanium concerning cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation

Kleinhans¹,

Vacun

Surmenev³

et al. 2015

BioNanoMaterials

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In the current study the in vitro outcome of a degradable magnesium alloy (AZ91D) and standard titanium modified by nanostructured-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) coatings concerning cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation was investigated by direct cell culture. The n-HA modification was prepared via radiofrequency magnetron sputtering deposition and proven by field emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction patterns revealing a homogenous surface coating. Human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) adhesion was examined after one and 14 days displaying an enhanced initial cell adhesion on the n-HA modified samples. The osteogenic lineage commitment of the cells was determined by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) quantification. On day one n-HA coated AZ91D exhibited a comparable ALP expression to standard tissue culture polystyrene samples. However, after 14 days solely little DNA and ALP amounts were measurable on n-HA coated AZ91D due to the lack of adherent cells.Titanium displayed excellent cell adhesion properties and ALP was detectable after 14 days. An increased pH of the culture was measured for AZ91D as well as for n-HA coated AZ91D. We conclude that n-HA modification improves initial cell attachment on AZ91D within the first 24 h. However, the effect does not persist for 14 days in in vitro conditions.

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“…Basically, magnesium-and iron-based alloys are two classes of metals which have been proposed. Among Mg-based alloys have been studied, include MgAl- (Heublein, 2003, Witte, 2005, Xin, 2007), MgRE-(Di Mario, 2004, Peeters, 2005, Witte, 2005, Waksman, 2006, Hänzi, 2009) and MgCa- (Zhang, 2008, Li, 2008 based alloys. Meanwhile, for Fe-based alloys, pure iron (Peuster, 2001, Peuster, 2006 and FeMn alloys (Hermawan, 2008, Schinhammer, 2009) have been investigated mainly for cardiovascular applications.…”

Section: Biodegradable Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metals for Biomedical Applications

Hermawan¹,

Ramdan²,

Djuansjah³

2011

Biomedical Engineering - From Theory to Applications

175

125

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Biomedical Engineering -From Theory to Applications 412 visible under X-ray imaging. Most of artificial implants are subjected to loads, either static or repetitive, and this condition requires an excellent combination of strength and ductility. This is the superior characteristic of metals over polymers and ceramics. Specific requirements of metals depend on the specific implant applications. Stents and stent grafts are implanted to open stenotic blood vessels; therefore, it requires plasticity for expansion and rigidity to maintain dilatation. For orthopaedic implants, metals are required to have excellent toughness, elasticity, rigidity, strength and resistance to fracture. For total joint replacement, metals are needed to be wear resistance; therefore debris formation from friction can be avoided. Dental restoration requires strong and rigid metals and even the shape memory effect for better results. In overall, the use of biomaterials in clinical practice should be approved by an authoritative body such as the FDA (United States Food and Drug Administration). The proposed biomaterial will be either granted Premarket Approval (PMA) if substantially equivalent to o n e u s e d b e f o r e F D A l e g i s l a t i o n o f 1 9 7 6 , o r h a s t o g o t h r o u g h a s e r i e s o f g u i d e d biocompatibility assessment. Common metals used for biomedical devicesUp to now, the three most used metals for implants are stainless steel, CoCr alloys and Ti alloys. The first stainless steel used for implants contains ~18wt% Cr and ~8wt% Ni makes it stronger than the steel and more resistant to corrosion. Further addition of molybdenum (Mo) has improved its corrosion resistance, known as type 316 stainless steel. Afterwards, the carbon (C) content has been reduced from 0.08 to 0.03 wt% which improved its corrosion resistance to chloride solution, and named as 316L. Titanium is featured by its light weight. Its density is only 4.5g/cm 3 compared to 7.9g/cm 3 for 316 stainless steel and 8.3g/cm 3 for cast CoCrMo alloys (Brandes and Brook, 1992). Ti and its alloys, i.e. Ti6Al4V are known for their excellent tensile strength and pitting corrosion resistance. Titanium alloyed with Ni, i.e. Nitinol, forms alloys having shape memory effect which makes them suitable in various applications such as dental restoration wiring. In dentistry, precious metals and alloys often used are Au, Ag, Pt and their alloys. They possess good castability, ductility and resistance to corrosion. Included into dental alloys are AuAgCu system, AuAgCu with the addition of Zn and Sn known as dental solder, and AuPtPd system used for porcelain-fused-to-metal for teeth repairs. CoCr alloys have been utilised for many decades in making artificial joints. They are generally known for their excellent wear resistance. Especially the wrought CoNiCrMo alloy has been used for making heavily loaded joints such as ankle implants (Figure 1). Other metals used for implants include tantalum (Ta), amorphous alloys and biodegradable metals. Tantalum which has excell...

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Corrosion behavior of biomedical AZ91 magnesium alloy in simulated body fluids

Cited by 208 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of Alloying Elements on Properties of Biodegradable Magnesium Composite for Implant Application

Effect of Alloying Elements on Properties of Biodegradable Magnesium Composite for Implant Application

Testing the in vitro performance of hydroxyapatite coated magnesium (AZ91D) and titanium concerning cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation

Metals for Biomedical Applications

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