Corrosion of superheater materials in a waste-to-energy plant

Viklund, Peter; Hjörnhede, Anders; Henderson, Pamela; Stålenheim, Annika; Pettersson, Rachel

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2011.06.017

Cited by 112 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Burning biomass and waste results in a more corrosive fireside environment, e.g., it contains more alkali chloride than fossil fuels [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Consequently, the corrosion of critical components in a power boiler, e.g., the superheater tubes, is a major challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclic Corrosion and Chlorination of an FeCrAl Alloy in the Presence of KCl

et al. 2015

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The KCl-induced corrosion of the FeCrAl alloy Kanthal Ò APMT in an O 2 ? N 2 ? H 2 O environment was studied at 600°C. The samples were pre-oxidized prior to exposure in order to investigate the protective nature of alumina scales in the present environment. The microstructure and composition of the corroded surface was investigated in detail. Corrosion started at flaws in the pre-formed a-alumina scales, i.e. a-alumina was protective in itself. Consequently, KCl-induced corrosion started locally and, subsequently, spread laterally. An electrochemical mechanism is proposed here by which a transition metal chloride forms in the alloy and K 2 CrO 4 forms at the scale/gas interface. Scale de-cohesion is attributed to the formation of a sub-scale transition metal chloride.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclic Corrosion and Chlorination of an FeCrAl Alloy in the Presence of KCl

et al. 2015

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“…This is due to an aggressive environment that contains e.g. alkali salts and water combined with metal temperatures up to *550°C [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. At such relatively low temperatures, chromia-forming alloys, such as FeCr and FeCrNi steels, are currently being used [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

KCl-Induced Corrosion of an FeCrAl Alloy at 600 °C in O2 + H2O Environment: The Effect of Pre-oxidation

et al. 2014

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The present study investigates the influence of H 2 O and KCl on the high temperature corrosion of an FeCrAl alloy at 600°C. Polished samples were exposed to O 2 or O 2 ? H 2 O and to O 2 ? H 2 O with KCl applied. The samples were investigated using SEM/EDX, XRD, IC, AES and SIMS. It was found that KCl accelerates corrosion and that a rapidly growing iron-rich oxide forms with time. Chromate formation is shown to initiate the formation of a non-protective oxide scale. Pre-oxidising the alloy before exposure in the presence of KCl had a strongly beneficial effect on the corrosion.

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“…Some of them are used in the biomass power plants of today and some are potential materials for the next generations biomass power plant [2]. Biomass is the largest global contributor to renewable energy and has a great potential to expand in the production of heat and electricity [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both groups of the austenitic alloys show good mechanical and chemical properties at the operation temperatures of today's biomass power plants [2]. However, the materials used for the future biomass power plants with higher efficiency are required to display improved properties as higher yield strength, creep strength and high-temperature corrosion resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the materials used for the future biomass power plants with higher efficiency are required to display improved properties as higher yield strength, creep strength and high-temperature corrosion resistance. The performance of austenitic stainless steels at these elevated temperatures is not fully understood, but the nickel-base alloys are already operating at such conditions in other applications and the group of nickel-base alloys is a possible option [2,7]. The nickel-base alloys are more expensive than the austenitic stainless steels and the austenitic stainless steels are therefore an interesting option to investigate as a material for the future biomass power plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Temperature Behaviour of Austenitic Alloys

Calmunger¹

2013

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Room: ACAS, Linköping UniversityCover: Dynamic recrystallization in AISI 316L slow strain rate tensile tested at elevated temperature.Printed by: LiU-Tryck, Linköping, Sweden, 2013 ISBN 978-91-7519-512-4 ISSN 0280-7971 Distributed by: Linköping University Department of Management and Engineering SE-581 83, Linköping, Sweden © 2013 Mattias CalmungerThis document was prepared with L A T E X, October 2, 2013 AbstractThe global increase in energy consumption and the global warming from greenhouse gas emission creates the need for more environmental friendly energy production processes. Biomass power plants with higher efficiency could generate more energy but also reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, e.g. CO 2 . Biomass is the largest global contributor to renewable energy and offers no net contribution of CO 2 to the atmosphere. One way to increase the efficiency of the power plants is to increase temperature and pressure in the boiler parts of the power plant.The materials used for the future biomass power plants, with higher temperature and pressure, require improved properties, such as higher yield strength, creep strength and high-temperature corrosion resistance. Austenitic stainless steels and nickel-base alloys have shown good mechanical and chemical properties at the operation temperatures of today's biomass power plants. However, the performance of austenitic stainless steels at the future elevated temperatures is not fully understood.The aim of this licentiate thesis is to increase our knowledge about the mechanical performance of austenitic stainless steels at the demanding conditions of the new generation power plants. This is done by using slow strain rate tensile deformation at elevated temperature and long term hightemperature ageing together with impact toughness testing. Microscopy is used to investigate deformation, damage and fracture behaviours during slow deformation and the long term influence of temperature on toughness in the microstructure of these austenitic alloys. Results show that the main deformation mechanisms are planar dislocation deformations, such as planar slip and slip bands. Intergranular fracture may occur due to precipitation in grain boundaries both in tensile deformed and impact toughness tested alloys. The shape and amount of σ-phase precipitates have been found to strongly influence the fracture behaviour of some of the austenitic stainless steels. In addition, ductility is affected differently by temperature depending on alloy tested and dynamic strain ageing may not always lead to a lower ductility.iii Acknowledgement

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Corrosion of superheater materials in a waste-to-energy plant

Cited by 112 publications

References 42 publications

Cyclic Corrosion and Chlorination of an FeCrAl Alloy in the Presence of KCl

Cyclic Corrosion and Chlorination of an FeCrAl Alloy in the Presence of KCl

KCl-Induced Corrosion of an FeCrAl Alloy at 600 °C in O2 + H2O Environment: The Effect of Pre-oxidation

High-Temperature Behaviour of Austenitic Alloys

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