Corrosion Protection by Inhibition

Abstract

The sections in this article are Phenomenological Aspects Fundamentals Classification Anodic Inhibitors Cathodic Inhibitors Passivating Inhibitors Mixed and Ohmic Inhibitors Inhibition Efficiency Definition and Measurement Influence of Inhibitor Concentration Influence of Solution p H and Aggressive Ions Synergistic Effects Influence of Hydrodynamic Conditions Inhibition by Adsorbed Layers Adsorption on Metals in Solution Adsorption on Bare Metal Surfaces Adsorption on Oxide/Hydroxide Surfaces Mechanisms of Corrosion in the Presence of Adsorbed Layers Influence of Adsorbed Layers on Metal Dissolution Reactions Influence of Adsorbed Layers on Cathodic Reactions Inhibition by Protection Layers Structure of Protection Layers Formed by Inhibitors Film‐forming Cathodic Inhibitors Film‐forming Anodic Inhibitors Mechanisms of Protection Layer Formation Precipitation from Solution Direct Film Growth Special Cases Control of Solution Composition (“scavengers”) Inhibition of Localized Corrosion Inhibition of Stress‐corrosion Cracking Inhibition of Chemical Corrosion Processes Inhibition of Atmospheric Corrosion Practical Applications Overview Water Treatment Acid Systems Corrosion Inhibition in Electronic Devices

Effects of the Supporting Electrolyte on the Kinetics of the Removal of Proteins Adsorbed on a Stainless Steel Surface by H2O2-Electrolysis

“…An alkylammonium compound is frequently used as a corrosion inhibitor for a metal surface . The effect of alkylammonium compounds can largely be attributed to the tight adsorption of amino groups to the surface as well as the inhibition of the dissolution of metal components by alkyl chains . On the basis of these findings, ammonium ions may also tend to adsorb tightly to a stainless steel surface relative to other cations.…”

A Conjugated Polymer Network Approach to Anticorrosion Coatings: Poly(vinylcarbazole) Electrodeposition

“…It is one of the main structural destructive processes resulting in huge economic losses, especially in the aerospace, automotive, and petroleum industries. As there is not much that can be done to alter the weathering of structural (active) metals in natural environments, corrosion-control strategies are simply focused on slowing the rate of the corrosion process . It is estimated that its annual cost and control is approximately 4% of a developed country’s gross domestic product; for the United States alone, this amounts to ∼$300 billion per year…”

“…In principle, further improvement of anticorrosion performances can be achieved by carefully choosing the polymerizable monomer and/or the dopant ion in electropolymerization-based techniques . Corrosion inhibitors can also be incorporated as dopant anions, wherein the CP functions as an inhibitor-releasing coating upon reduction . Several studies have addressed the influence of the dopant ion on corrosion behavior. − “Smart” coatings − release the inhibitor-anion on demand, that is, when damage to the coating triggers metal oxidation and/or polymer reduction .…”

Cyclodextrin inhibits zinc corrosion by destabilizing point defect formation in the oxide layer

“…Organic corrosion inhibitors are usually described to work by limiting anodic and/or cathodic processes, either by adsorptive blocking of active sites, or the formation of films on the surface [ 1 – 4 ]. In this process, corrosion inhibitors take the role that a passivating oxide layer takes on several engineering materials, such as stainless steels or aluminum alloys [ 5 ]. Inhibitors may also actively participate in the electrode processes [ 1 ].…”